Modern therapeutic management of temporomandibular disorders: A review

Abstract

The effective temporomandibular disorders (TMD) therapeutic management can be performed only if the causal factors are accurately detected. A modern TMD management favourises approach from a biopsychosocial model where active and adaptive type treatments are fundamental. The management of psychological and behavioral factors must be considered and approached simultaneously with physical factors to accelerate the return to normal functioning of TMD patients with chronic pain. The new multimodal approach of TMD consider self-management as the most important part of TMD therapy, with primary focus on the change of the behavior of TMD patients (Greene). This approach include various components as follows: dental treatments (occlusal adjustments, stabilization splints), cognitive behavioral therapy, relaxation techniques, physical therapy (electrotherapy techniques, low-level laser therapy, neuromusculoskeletal techniques, acupuncture), anti-inflammatory medication. Conclusions. The modern management of TMD must focuses on the implementation of effective therapeutic algorithms based on accurate diagnostic and assessment of clinical and biological indices. TMD treatment implies multidisciplinary intervention of dentists, physicians, physiotherapists and psychologists.

Keywords

• temporomandibular disorders
• therapeutic management
• occlusion adjustements