International Journal of Nanomedicine (Jun 2023)
Biogenesis, Composition and Potential Therapeutic Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived Exosomes in Various Diseases
Abstract
Yu-Guo Yuan,1,2 Jia-Lin Wang,1,2 Ya-Xin Zhang,1,2 Ling Li,1,2 Abu Musa Md Talimur Reza,3 Sangiliyandi Gurunathan4 1Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 2Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli, Türkiye; 4Department of Biotechnology, Rathinam College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, TN, IndiaCorrespondence: Yu-Guo Yuan; Sangiliyandi Gurunathan, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: Exosomes are nanovesicles with a wide range of chemical compositions used in many different applications. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSCs-EXOs) are spherical vesicles that have been shown to mediate tissue regeneration in a variety of diseases, including neurological, autoimmune and inflammatory, cancer, ischemic heart disease, lung injury, and liver fibrosis. They can modulate the immune response by interacting with immune effector cells due to the presence of anti-inflammatory compounds and are involved in intercellular communication through various types of cargo. MSCs-EXOs exhibit cytokine storm-mitigating properties in response to COVID-19. This review discussed the potential function of MSCs-EXOs in a variety of diseases including neurological, notably epileptic encephalopathy and Parkinson’s disease, cancer, angiogenesis, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. We provided an overview of exosome biogenesis and factors that regulate exosome biogenesis. Additionally, we highlight the functions and potential use of MSCs-EXOs in the treatment of the inflammatory disease COVID-19. Finally, we covered a strategies and challenges of MSCs-EXOs. Finally, we discuss conclusion and future perspectives of MSCs-EXOs.Keywords: extracellular vesicle, biogenesis, mesenchymal stem cells, exosomes, autoimmune disease, angiogenesis
