Сельскохозяйственные машины и технологии (Jun 2016)
Resource-saving directions in basic machinery
Abstract
The autors proved the directions of resource-saving with regard to basic agricultural machinery: combine harvesters and tractors of classes 3 and above. The analysis has shown advantages of track laying vehicles in interaction of technogenic processes with productional agroecosystems. These advantages provide to track laying vehicles high technological need for agrarian and industrial complex in comparison with wheel machines. One of options of completing of the machine and tractor units (MTU) is use of multioperational trailing implements and a continuously variable ratio hydraulic drive of a undercarriage. To provide a turn of MTU with the minimum size of a rotary strip it is necessary to use mounted equipment more widely. The authors offered to equip tractors with two (forward and back) separate power takeoff shafts. The model of new generation of mobile power means MES-5300 with two mounted soil-cultivating implements on forward and back mounted systems, and also model with the mounted fodder harvesting adapter and the trailed implement on back mounted system is developed for soil preparation for winter wheat sowing. Due to the special technique it is possible to determinate technical and economic efficiency of the new design machines. If parameters of new machine by 1.2-1.3 times exceed the characteristic existing (basic) one, then we talk about usual modernization; excess by 1.5-1.8 times indicates deep modernization. And advantage by 1.8-2.3 times allows to refer new design to a class of innovative machines. The number of the integrated operations when using multioperational equipment on the basis of MES of the fifth generation is equal 17, when using modern technology on the basis of a tractor of the fourth generation - 27. As result the general capacity of equipment of the fifth generation increases by 20 percent.
