Antimicrobial resistance of isolated bacteria in neonates admitted to the provincial hospital of Las Tunas in 2020

Abstract

Background: neonatology wards are high-risk areas due to the incidence of infectious diseases. Objective: to describe the microbiological pattern of antimicrobial resistance of the most frequently isolated germs in bacteriological studies of neonates admitted to the “Dr. Ernesto Guevara de la Serna” of Las Tunas in 2020. Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive and observational study was carried out with neonates admitted to the aforementioned hospital and during the period herein declared. The universe was made up of the 303 microbiological studies with antibiograms from the neonatology ward. Results: Gram-negative (51,8 %) and Gram-positive (48,2 %) bacteria were isolated. Positivity was more frequent in blood cultures (62,37 %) and urine cultures (22,78 %). 76,03 % of the Gram-positive bacteria were isolated in blood culture. Gram-negative bacteria were mainly distributed between blood cultures (49.68%) and urine cultures (36,31 %). The most frequent germs were Staphylococcus coagulase – (30,03 %), 92,3 % isolated from blood cultures; E. coli (20,46 %), 70,96 % in urine cultures and Staphylococcus coagulase + (14,85 %), 44,44 % in blood cultures. Gram-positive bacteria showed high resistance to oxacillin (94,73 %), azythromycin (87,96 %), cefepime (76,92 %) and cefazolin (65,21 %). Gram-negative bacteria were resistant to nalidixic acid (78 %), cefazolin (76 %) and amoxicillin/sulbactam (69,96 %). E. coli reached 80 % resistance to cefepime and more than 50 % to cephalosporins and aminoglycosides. Staphylococcus coagulase – showed resistance to penicillins, cephalosporins and gentamicin. Conclusions: the antimicrobial resistance of isolated bacteria in the neonates of the study was described.

Keywords

• enfermedades transmisibles
• recién nacido
• antibacterianos
• terapéutica