Effects of a Maximal Exercise Followed by a Submaximal Exercise Performed in Normobaric Hypoxia (2500 m), on Blood Rheology, Red Blood Cell Senescence, and Coagulation in Well-Trained Cyclists
Romain Carin,
Gabriel Deglicourt,
Hamdi Rezigue,
Marie Martin,
Christophe Nougier,
Camille Boisson,
Yesim Dargaud,
Philippe Joly,
Céline Renoux,
Philippe Connes,
Emeric Stauffer,
Elie Nader
Affiliations
Romain Carin
Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM) EA7424, Team “Vascular Biology and Red Blood Cell”, Universié Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
Gabriel Deglicourt
Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, Médecine du Sport et de l’activité Physique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, 69004 Lyon, France
Hamdi Rezigue
Service d’hématologie-hémostase, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69002 Bron, France
Marie Martin
Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM) EA7424, Team “Vascular Biology and Red Blood Cell”, Universié Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
Christophe Nougier
Service d’hématologie-hémostase, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69002 Bron, France
Camille Boisson
Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM) EA7424, Team “Vascular Biology and Red Blood Cell”, Universié Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
Yesim Dargaud
Service d’hématologie-hémostase, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69002 Bron, France
Philippe Joly
Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM) EA7424, Team “Vascular Biology and Red Blood Cell”, Universié Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
Céline Renoux
Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM) EA7424, Team “Vascular Biology and Red Blood Cell”, Universié Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
Philippe Connes
Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM) EA7424, Team “Vascular Biology and Red Blood Cell”, Universié Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
Emeric Stauffer
Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM) EA7424, Team “Vascular Biology and Red Blood Cell”, Universié Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
Elie Nader
Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM) EA7424, Team “Vascular Biology and Red Blood Cell”, Universié Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
Acute normoxic exercise impacts the rheological properties of red blood cells (RBC) and their senescence state; however, there is a lack of data on the effects of exercise performed in hypoxia on RBC properties. This crossover study compared the effects of acute hypoxia vs. normoxia on blood rheology, RBC senescence, and coagulation during exercise. Nine trained male cyclists completed both a session in normoxia (FiO2 = 21%) and hypoxia (FiO2 = 15.3% ≈ 2500 m). The two sessions were randomly performed, separated by one week, and consisted of an incremental and maximal exercise followed by a 20 min exercise at the first ventilatory threshold (VT1) on a home-trainer. Blood samples were taken before and after exercise to analyze hematological parameters, blood rheology (hematocrit, blood viscosity, RBC deformability and aggregation), RBC senescence markers (phosphatidylserine (PS) and CD47 exposure, intraerythrocyte reactive oxygen species (ROS), and calcium content), and blood clot viscoelastic properties. Hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO2) and blood lactate were also measured. In both conditions, exercise induced an increase in blood viscosity, hematocrit, intraerythrocyte calcium and ROS content, and blood lactate concentration. We also observed an increase in blood clot amplitude, and a significant drop in SpO2 during exercise in the two conditions. RBC aggregation and CD47 exposure were not modified. Exercise in hypoxia induced a slight decrease in RBC deformability which could be related to the slight increase in mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). However, the values of RBC deformability and MCHC after the exercise performed in hypoxia remained in the normal range of values. In conclusion, acute hypoxia does not amplify the RBC and coagulation changes induced by an exercise bout.
