Drug Design, Development and Therapy (Jan 2022)
Discovery of Biomarkers and Potential Mechanisms of Agarwood Incense Smoke Intervention by Untargeted Metabolomics and Network Pharmacology
Abstract
Meiyue Dong,1,* Haitao Du,2,* Xueling Li,2 Ling Zhang,2 Xiaoming Wang,3,4 Zhenguo Wang,4 Haiqiang Jiang1,4,5 1Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, People’s Republic of China; 3Experimental Centre, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, People’s Republic of China; 4Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Basic research, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, People’s Republic of China; 5Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zhenguo Wang; Haiqiang Jiang, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: Agarwood, as a traditional Chinese medicine, has great potential value for the treatment of tranquilization. However, its potential mechanisms and biomarkers are still unclear.Methods: In this study, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS)-based metabonomics was adopted to discover the potential biomarkers in mice after agarwood incense smoke (AIS) intervention. Furthermore, the chemical components in agarwood were identified based on UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS. The global view of potential compound-target-pathway (C-T-B) network was constructed through network pharmacology to understand the potentially material basis of biomarkers.Results: Metabolic profiling indicated that the metabolic changed significantly in mice serum after AIS intervention. A total of 18 potential biomarkers closely related to insomnia and emotional disease were identified, mainly involving in tryptophan metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, cysteine and methionine metabolism and steroid hormone biosynthesis pathways. A total of 138 components in agarwood were identified based on UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS. The results showed that mainly compounds such as flidersia type 2-(2-phenylethyl) chromones (FTPECs) and sesquiterpenes exerted good docking abilities with key target proteins, which were involved in multiple diseases including depression and hypnosis.Conclusion: In conclusion, this study enhanced current understanding of the change of metabolic markers after AIS intervention. Meanwhile, it also confirmed the feasibility of combining metabolomics and network pharmacology to identify active components and elucidate the material basis of biomarkers and mechanisms.Keywords: agarwood, biomarkers, metabolomics, chemical constituents, network pharmacology
