[SBP]BF<sub>4</sub> Additive Stabilizing Zinc Anode by Simultaneously Regulating the Solvation Shell and Electrode Interface
Xingyun Zhang,
Kailimai Su,
Yue Hu,
Kaiyuan Xue,
Yan Wang,
Minmin Han,
Junwei Lang
Affiliations
Xingyun Zhang
College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
Kailimai Su
Laboratory of Clean Energy Chemistry and Materials, State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
Yue Hu
College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
Kaiyuan Xue
College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
Yan Wang
Laboratory of Clean Energy Chemistry and Materials, State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
Minmin Han
College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
Junwei Lang
Laboratory of Clean Energy Chemistry and Materials, State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
The zinc anode mainly faces technical problems such as short circuits caused by the growth of dendrite, low coulomb efficiency, and a short cycle life caused by side reactions, which impedes the rapid development of aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs). Herein, a common ionic liquid, 1,1-Spirobipyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate ([SBP]BF4), is selected as a new additive for pure ZnSO4 electrolyte. It is found that this additive could regulate the solvation sheath of hydrated Zn2+ ions, promote the ionic mobility of Zn2+, homogenize the flux of Zn2+, avoid side reactions between the electrolyte and electrode, and inhibit the production of zinc dendrites by facilitating the establishment of an inorganic solid electrolyte interphase layer. With the 1% [SBP]BF4-modified electrolyte, the Zn||Zn symmetric cell delivers an extended plating/stripping cycling life of 2000 h at 1 mA cm−2, which is much higher than that of the cell without additives (330 h). As a proof of concept, the Zn‖V2O5 battery using the [SBP]BF4 additive shows excellent cycling stability, maintaining its specific capacity at 97 mAh g−1 after 2000 cycles at 5 A g−1, which is much greater than the 46 mAh g−1 capacity of the non-additive battery. This study offers zinc anode stabilization through high-efficiency electrolyte engineering.
