First Detection of NADC34-like PRRSV as a Main Epidemic Strain on a Large Farm in China

Chao Li; Bangjun Gong; Qi Sun; Hu Xu; Jing Zhao; Lirun Xiang; Yan-Dong Tang; Chaoliang Leng; Wansheng Li; Zhenyang Guo; Jun Fu; Jinmei Peng; Qian Wang; Guohui Zhou; Ying Yu; Fandan Meng; Tongqing An; Xuehui Cai; Zhi-Jun Tian; Hongliang Zhang

doi:10.3390/pathogens11010032

Pathogens (Dec 2021)

First Detection of NADC34-like PRRSV as a Main Epidemic Strain on a Large Farm in China

Chao Li,
Bangjun Gong,
Qi Sun,
Hu Xu,
Jing Zhao,
Lirun Xiang,
Yan-Dong Tang,
Chaoliang Leng,
Wansheng Li,
Zhenyang Guo,
Jun Fu,
Jinmei Peng,
Qian Wang,
Guohui Zhou,
Ying Yu,
Fandan Meng,
Tongqing An,
Xuehui Cai,
Zhi-Jun Tian,
Hongliang Zhang

Affiliations

Chao Li: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Bangjun Gong: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Qi Sun: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Hu Xu: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Jing Zhao: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Lirun Xiang: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Yan-Dong Tang: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Chaoliang Leng: Henan Key Laboratory of Insect Biology in Funiu Mountain, Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-Reactor, China-UK-NYNU-RRes Joint Laboratory of Insect Biology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
Wansheng Li: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Zhenyang Guo: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Jun Fu: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Jinmei Peng: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Qian Wang: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Guohui Zhou: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Ying Yu: Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
Fandan Meng: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Tongqing An: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Xuehui Cai: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Zhi-Jun Tian: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Hongliang Zhang: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11010032
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 11, no. 1
p. 32

Abstract

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The newly emerged sublineage 1.5 (NADC34-like) porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has posed a direct threat to the Chinese pig industry since 2018. However, the prevalence and impact of NADC34-like PRRSV on Chinese pig farms is unclear. In the present study, we continuously monitored pathogens—including PRRSV, African swine fever virus (ASFV), classical swine fever virus (CSFV), pseudorabies virus (PRV), and porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2)—on a fattening pig farm with strict biosecurity practices located in Heilongjiang Province, China, from 2020 to 2021. The results showed that multiple types of PRRSV coexisted on a single pig farm. NADC30-like and NADC34-like PRRSVs were the predominant strains on this pig farm. Importantly, NADC34-like PRRSV—detected during the period of peak mortality—was one of the predominant strains on this pig farm. Sequence alignment suggested that these strains shared the same 100 aa deletion in the NSP2 protein as IA/2014/NADC34 isolated from the United States (U.S.) in 2014. Phylogenetic analysis based on open reading frame 5 (ORF5) showed that the genetic diversity of NADC34-like PRRSV on this farm was relatively singular, but it had a relatively high rate of evolution. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) pattern analysis showed that almost all ORF5 RFLPs were 1-7-4, with one 1-4-4. In addition, two complete genomes of NADC34-like PRRSVs were sequenced. Recombination analysis and sequence alignment demonstrated that both viruses, with 98.9% nucleotide similarity, were non-recombinant viruses. This study reports the prevalence and characteristics of NADC34-like PRRSVs on a large-scale breeding farm in northern China for the first time. These results will help to reveal the impact of NADC34-like PRRSVs on Chinese pig farms, and provide a reference for the detection and further prevention and control of NADC34-like PRRSVs.

Published in Pathogens

ISSN: 2076-0817 (Online)
Publisher: MDPI AG
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Medicine
Website: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/pathogens

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