First Detection of NADC34-like PRRSV as a Main Epidemic Strain on a Large Farm in China
Chao Li,
Bangjun Gong,
Qi Sun,
Hu Xu,
Jing Zhao,
Lirun Xiang,
Yan-Dong Tang,
Chaoliang Leng,
Wansheng Li,
Zhenyang Guo,
Jun Fu,
Jinmei Peng,
Qian Wang,
Guohui Zhou,
Ying Yu,
Fandan Meng,
Tongqing An,
Xuehui Cai,
Zhi-Jun Tian,
Hongliang Zhang
Affiliations
Chao Li
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Bangjun Gong
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Qi Sun
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Hu Xu
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Jing Zhao
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Lirun Xiang
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Yan-Dong Tang
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Chaoliang Leng
Henan Key Laboratory of Insect Biology in Funiu Mountain, Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-Reactor, China-UK-NYNU-RRes Joint Laboratory of Insect Biology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
Wansheng Li
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Zhenyang Guo
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Jun Fu
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Jinmei Peng
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Qian Wang
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Guohui Zhou
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Ying Yu
Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
Fandan Meng
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Tongqing An
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Xuehui Cai
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Zhi-Jun Tian
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
Hongliang Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
The newly emerged sublineage 1.5 (NADC34-like) porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has posed a direct threat to the Chinese pig industry since 2018. However, the prevalence and impact of NADC34-like PRRSV on Chinese pig farms is unclear. In the present study, we continuously monitored pathogens—including PRRSV, African swine fever virus (ASFV), classical swine fever virus (CSFV), pseudorabies virus (PRV), and porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2)—on a fattening pig farm with strict biosecurity practices located in Heilongjiang Province, China, from 2020 to 2021. The results showed that multiple types of PRRSV coexisted on a single pig farm. NADC30-like and NADC34-like PRRSVs were the predominant strains on this pig farm. Importantly, NADC34-like PRRSV—detected during the period of peak mortality—was one of the predominant strains on this pig farm. Sequence alignment suggested that these strains shared the same 100 aa deletion in the NSP2 protein as IA/2014/NADC34 isolated from the United States (U.S.) in 2014. Phylogenetic analysis based on open reading frame 5 (ORF5) showed that the genetic diversity of NADC34-like PRRSV on this farm was relatively singular, but it had a relatively high rate of evolution. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) pattern analysis showed that almost all ORF5 RFLPs were 1-7-4, with one 1-4-4. In addition, two complete genomes of NADC34-like PRRSVs were sequenced. Recombination analysis and sequence alignment demonstrated that both viruses, with 98.9% nucleotide similarity, were non-recombinant viruses. This study reports the prevalence and characteristics of NADC34-like PRRSVs on a large-scale breeding farm in northern China for the first time. These results will help to reveal the impact of NADC34-like PRRSVs on Chinese pig farms, and provide a reference for the detection and further prevention and control of NADC34-like PRRSVs.
