Time dependent inhibition of Morinda citrifolia essential oils against multi drug resistant bacteria and A549 lung cancer cells

Abstract

Recent years, multi-drug resistant bacteria (MDRs) and lung cancer cells are threatening to human worldwide due to failure of sufficient drugs. It was suggested that the new sources needed to discover new varieties of drugs, antibiotics and other format to eradicate these infections. As like, the medicinal plant of Morinda citrifolia (M. citrifolia) was used in this study to inhibit both the bacterial infection and cancer cells. First, the LC-MS measurement was evidently reported the available essential oils from medicinal plant of M. citrifolia. It has excellent anti-bacterial properties against P. mirabilis, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus with 24, 22, 26 and 18 zone of inhibition respectively by agar well diffusion. Subsequently, the liquid interference assay was exhibited 97 %, 96 %, 94 % and 90 % inhibition at 1000 µg/mL concentration for all the tested pathogens. In addition, M. citrifolia EOs have excellent anti-bacterial activity, and it arrested the bacterial growth completely at 1000 µg/mL concentration for 24 h after compared with other time intervals. Subsequently, the intracellular membranes and more death cells with condensed chromosome like structure were effectively observed by confocal laser scanning electron microscope. Then, invitro cytotoxicity result of M. citrifolia EOs treated A549 lung cancer cells was clearly observed. The cytotoxicity result confirmed that the 500 µg/mL of M. citrifolia EOs against A549 lung cancer cells as fixed as IC50 dose. Hence, current study conclude, M. citrifolia is the excellent medicinal plant to inactivate bacterial growth and cancer cells efficiently.

Keywords

• Medicinal plant
• EOs
• Biological properties
• Intracellular inactivation, cytotoxicity assay
• Anti-cancer activity