Pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy: a literature review

Abstract

The review presents data on the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. The importance of increasing the activity of the polyol pathway of glucose metabolism, non-enzymatic glycation of proteins, activation of protein kinase C, carbonic anhydrase, hemodynamic changes and the activity of the renin-angiotensin system in the development of diabetes and its microvascular complications is indicated. Particular attention is paid to the role of oxidative stress, growth factors, as well as metabolic syndrome and obesity in the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy.

Keywords

• diabetic retinopathy
• pathogenesis
• review