Spatial and temporal variability of fouling communities on oyster spat collectors at Inhaca Island Southern Mozambique: Exploring the influence on recruitment of the oysters Pinctada capensis and Saccostrea cucullata

Abstract

In the transition from pelagic larva to benthic adult, larvae likely encounter a diverse assemblage of resident invertebrates in their habitat, which may also compete for space during post-settlement periods. Fouling fauna in rocky and seagrass habitats on Inhaca Island, southern Mozambique, was evaluated over 4 months in each of two seasons on oyster collectors fixed at 2 cm above the bottom. As expected, two species of oysters recruited to tiles: the rock oyster Saccostrea cucullata in rocky habitats and the pearl oyster, Pinctada capensis in seagrass habitats. The composition and density of other fouling fauna varied among habitats, location, seasons and surfaces and depending on the duration of the deployment. In seagrass habitats, oysters and barnacles were generally less abundant, allowing other taxa to have higher relative abundance, while higher density of individuals was recorded in rocky habitat. Barnacles dominate among fouling fauna on collectors in both habitats. Despite evidence consistent with negative interactions between oysters and barnacles, the effects of other fouling fauna on oyster abundance appear modest up to 4 months after tiles are placed. Overall, the results help improve our general understanding of the environmental processes that affect the colonisation of intertidal invertebrates, particularly in the southwestern Indian Ocean.

Keywords

• Settlement
• Recruitment
• Pearl oysters
• Rocky oyster
• Epibenthic fauna
• Sub-tropical habitat