Hybrid Advances (Sep 2025)

A study on the antioxidant, cytotoxicity, and coagulation potential of carbon quantum dots derived from the leaves of Lagerstroemia speciosa

  • Sapam Riches Singh,
  • Gouramma R. Kanamadi,
  • Bothe Thokchom,
  • Santosh Mallikarjun Bhavi,
  • Megha B. Abbigeri,
  • Pooja Joshi,
  • Sudheendra Rao Kulkarni,
  • Akshata Choudhari Padti,
  • B.P. Harini,
  • Ramesh Babu Yarajarla

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100430
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 10
p. 100430

Abstract

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The green synthesis of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) from natural sources offers a sustainable approach in nanotechnology. In this study, CQDs were synthesized from Lagerstroemia speciosa leaves (LS-CQDs) and extensively characterized for their optical, structural, and biological properties. LS-CQDs exhibited UV–Vis absorption peaks at 247 and 351 nm, blue fluorescence, a mean particle size of 3.7 nm with a 0.22 nm d-spacing, and surface functional groups including –OH, –COOH, and –CH3. They demonstrated strong antioxidant activity, with a DPPH scavenging IC50 of 66.34 μg mL−1, and a hydrogen peroxide scavenging IC50 of 319.48 μg mL−1, highlighting their free radical neutralization ability. Cytotoxicity assessments confirmed LS-CQDs to be non-genotoxic, with minimal hemolysis (<2 % at 2–200 μg mL−1), demonstrating excellent biocompatibility. Coagulation assays revealed a concentration-dependent anticoagulant effect, significantly prolonging PT (47 s) and aPTT (49 s) at 200 μg mL−1, suggesting potential therapeutic applications in hypercoagulability associated with obesity-related cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The dual-function antioxidant and anticoagulant properties of LS-CQDs underscore their potential as therapeutic agents for managing oxidative stress and coagulation disorders. This study highlights the promise of plant-derived nanomaterials in biomedical applications, warranting further exploration for clinical and commercial translation.

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