Revista Finlay (Jan 2023)
Cold Stimulation Test in Blood Pressure Control of Hypertensive Patients in Preoperative Care
Abstract
Background: arterial hypertension constitutes a global health problem. Its hyperreactivity is evidenced in patients subjected to surgical stress. Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of the cold stimulation test for blood pressure control of hypertensive patients in preoperative care. Methods: a descriptive, cross-sectional and prospective study was carried out during 2019 at the Vladimir Ilich Lenin General Teaching Hospital in Holguín. The universe consisted of all hypertensive patients pending elective surgery, the sample by 150 diagnosed hypertensive patients. The variables used were: age, sex, result of the cold stimulation test, perioperative stress behavior and perioperative stress complications. Descriptive statistical indicators such as absolute values and percentages were used. Results: the male sex predominated with 58 patients, the age groups from 18 to 29 years with 36 patients (33.03 %) and the group of 70 years and over with 25 patients (22.94 %). 80 patients (73.39 %) had a negative test. There was a high correspondence between the negative result and perioperative normotension with 78 patients (98.73 %). The main complication was the suspension of the operation due to elevated blood pressure figures with 20 patients (66.67 %). Its sensitivity was 80 % and specificity 93.67 %. The probability of not suffering complications was 92.50 % in patients with a negative result. Conclusions: the test was effective by establishing a correct relationship between the positive result and the occurrence of blood pressure complications in the patient in the preoperative care. There was correspondence between preoperative stable control and trans and postoperative tension stability.
