Leafy Vegetables’ Agronomic Variables, Nitrate, and Bioactive Compounds Have Different Responses to Bokashi, Mineral Fertilization, and Boiled Chicken Manure
Fernando Teruhiko Hata,
Diego Contiero da Silva,
Natália Norika Yassunaka-Hata,
Mariana Assis de Queiroz Cancian,
Isabella Accorsi Sanches,
Caio Eduardo Pelizaro Poças,
Maurício Ursi Ventura,
Wilma Aparecida Spinosa,
Rogério Barbosa Macedo
Affiliations
Fernando Teruhiko Hata
Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil
Diego Contiero da Silva
Setor de Engenharia e Desenvolvimento Agrário, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, Bandeirantes 86360-000, Brazil
Natália Norika Yassunaka-Hata
Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil
Mariana Assis de Queiroz Cancian
Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil
Isabella Accorsi Sanches
Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil
Caio Eduardo Pelizaro Poças
Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil
Maurício Ursi Ventura
Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil
Wilma Aparecida Spinosa
Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil
Rogério Barbosa Macedo
Setor de Engenharia e Desenvolvimento Agrário, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, Bandeirantes 86360-000, Brazil
In the current study, the effect of boiled chicken manure (BCM) doses by fertigation, bokashi, and mineral fertilization on the agronomic variables, bioactive compounds, and nitrate levels of two cultivars of lettuce (romaine and frisée types) and one cultivar of radicchio chicory was studied. Overall, higher agronomic variable values were found for the leafy plants in bokashi-fertilized plants. The BCM 5, 7.5, and 10% fertilization, in general, increased these variables in an apparent increasing trend. For chicory, bokashi presented higher means in comparison with BCM for TB, CB, and CI. For frisée lettuce, bokashi had the highest values for TB, CB, and PH. For romaine, bokashi presented the highest means for all the variables, except for PD. For bioactive compounds, each plant species responded differently when varying the fertilization source. For the nitrate content, higher values were observed in the bokashi and mineral treatments.
