Microorganisms (Mar 2024)

A Noble Extract of <i>Pseudomonas</i> sp. M20A4R8 Efficiently Controlling the Influenza Virus-Induced Cell Death

  • Su-Bin Jung,
  • Grace Choi,
  • Hyo-Jin Kim,
  • Kyeong-Seo Moon,
  • Gun Lee,
  • Kyeong-Hak Na,
  • Yong Min Kwon,
  • Jimin Moon,
  • Mi Yeong Shin,
  • Jae-Yeong Yu,
  • Yeong-Bin Baek,
  • Jun-Gyu Park,
  • Sang-Ik Park

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12040677
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 12, no. 4
p. 677

Abstract

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Epidemic diseases that arise from infectious RNA viruses, particularly influenza viruses, pose a constant threat to the global economy and public health. Viral evolution has undermined the efficacy of acquired immunity from vaccines and the antiviral effects of FDA-approved drugs. As such, there is an urgent need to develop new antiviral lead agents. Natural compounds, owing to their historical validation of application and safety, have become a promising solution. In this light, a novel marine bacterium, Pseudomonas sp. M20A4R8, has been found to exhibit significant antiviral activity [half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 1.3 µg/mL, selectivity index (SI) = 919.4] against influenza virus A/Puerto Rico/8/34, surpassing the activity of chloroquine. The antiviral response via M20A4R8 extract was induced during post-entry stages of the influenza virus, indicating suitability for post-application after the establishment of viral infection. Furthermore, post-treatment with M20A4R8 extract protected the host from virus-induced apoptosis, suggesting its potential use in acute respiratory disease complexes resulting from immune effectors’ overstimulation and autophagy-mediated self-apoptosis. The extract demonstrated an outstanding therapeutic index against influenza virus A/Wisconsin/15/2009 (IC50 = 8.1 µg/mL, SI = 146.2) and B/Florida/78/2015 Victoria lineage (IC50 = 3.5 µg/mL, SI = 343.8), indicating a broad anti-influenza virus activity with guaranteed safety and effectiveness. This study provides a new perspective on mechanisms for preventing a broad spectrum of viral infections through antiviral agents from novel and natural origins. Future studies on a single or combined compound from the extract hold promise, encouraging its use in preclinical challenge tests with various influenza virus strains.

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