Frontiers in Endocrinology (Feb 2021)
Correspondence Between Perceived Pubertal Development and Hormone Levels in 9-10 Year-Olds From the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study
- Megan M. Herting,
- Megan M. Herting,
- Kristina A. Uban,
- Kristina A. Uban,
- Marybel Robledo Gonzalez,
- Marybel Robledo Gonzalez,
- Fiona C. Baker,
- Eric C. Kan,
- Eric C. Kan,
- Wesley K. Thompson,
- Douglas A. Granger,
- Douglas A. Granger,
- Douglas A. Granger,
- Matthew D. Albaugh,
- Andrey P. Anokhin,
- Kara S. Bagot,
- Marie T. Banich,
- Deanna M. Barch,
- Arielle Baskin-Sommers,
- Florence J. Breslin,
- B. J. Casey,
- Bader Chaarani,
- Linda Chang,
- Duncan B. Clark,
- Christine C. Cloak,
- R. Todd Constable,
- Linda B. Cottler,
- Rada K. Dagher,
- Mirella Dapretto,
- Anthony S. Dick,
- Nico Dosenbach,
- Gayathri J. Dowling,
- Julie A. Dumas,
- Sarah Edwards,
- Thomas Ernst,
- Damien A. Fair,
- Sarah W. Feldstein-Ewing,
- Edward G. Freedman,
- Bernard F. Fuemmeler,
- Hugh Garavan,
- Dylan G. Gee,
- Jay N. Giedd,
- Paul E. A. Glaser,
- Aimee Goldstone,
- Kevin M. Gray,
- Samuel W. Hawes,
- Andrew C. Heath,
- Mary M. Heitzeg,
- John K. Hewitt,
- Charles J. Heyser,
- Elizabeth A. Hoffman,
- Rebekah S. Huber,
- Marilyn A. Huestis,
- Luke W. Hyde,
- M. Alejandra Infante,
- Masha Y. Ivanova,
- Joanna Jacobus,
- Terry L. Jernigan,
- Nicole R. Karcher,
- Angela R. Laird,
- Kimberly H. LeBlanc,
- Krista Lisdahl,
- Monica Luciana,
- Beatriz Luna,
- Hermine H. Maes,
- Andrew T. Marshall,
- Andrew T. Marshall,
- Michael J. Mason,
- Erin C. McGlade,
- Amanda S. Morris,
- Amanda S. Morris,
- Bonnie J. Nagel,
- Gretchen N. Neigh,
- Clare E. Palmer,
- Martin P. Paulus,
- Alexandra S. Potter,
- Leon I. Puttler,
- Nishadi Rajapakse,
- Kristina Rapuano,
- Gloria Reeves,
- Perry F. Renshaw,
- Claudiu Schirda,
- Kenneth J. Sher,
- Chandni Sheth,
- Paul D. Shilling,
- Lindsay M. Squeglia,
- Matthew T. Sutherland,
- Susan F. Tapert,
- Rachel L. Tomko,
- Deborah Yurgelun-Todd,
- Natasha E. Wade,
- Susan R. B. Weiss,
- Robert A. Zucker,
- Elizabeth R. Sowell
Affiliations
- Megan M. Herting
- Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Megan M. Herting
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Kristina A. Uban
- Public Health, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Kristina A. Uban
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Salivary Bioscience Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Marybel Robledo Gonzalez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Marybel Robledo Gonzalez
- Research on Children, Youth, and Families, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Fiona C. Baker
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, United States
- Eric C. Kan
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Eric C. Kan
- Research on Children, Youth, and Families, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Wesley K. Thompson
- Division of Biostatistics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Douglas A. Granger
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Salivary Bioscience Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Douglas A. Granger
- Social Ecology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Douglas A. Granger
- 0Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, CA, United States
- Matthew D. Albaugh
- Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Andrey P. Anokhin
- 2Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Kara S. Bagot
- 3Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Marie T. Banich
- 4Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
- Deanna M. Barch
- 5Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Arielle Baskin-Sommers
- 6Department of Psychology, University of Yale, New Haven, CT, United States
- Florence J. Breslin
- 7Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States
- B. J. Casey
- 6Department of Psychology, University of Yale, New Haven, CT, United States
- Bader Chaarani
- 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
- Linda Chang
- 8Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Duncan B. Clark
- 9Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Christine C. Cloak
- 8Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
- R. Todd Constable
- 0Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of Yale, New Haven, CT, United States
- Linda B. Cottler
- 1Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Rada K. Dagher
- 2Division of Scientific Programs, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Mirella Dapretto
- 3Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Anthony S. Dick
- 4Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
- Nico Dosenbach
- 5Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Gayathri J. Dowling
- 6Division of Extramural Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Julie A. Dumas
- 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
- Sarah Edwards
- 7Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Thomas Ernst
- 8Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Damien A. Fair
- 8Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Sarah W. Feldstein-Ewing
- 9Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
- Edward G. Freedman
- 0Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
- Bernard F. Fuemmeler
- 1Health Behavior and Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmon, VA, United States
- Hugh Garavan
- 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
- Dylan G. Gee
- 6Department of Psychology, University of Yale, New Haven, CT, United States
- Jay N. Giedd
- 2Department of Psychiatry, University of San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Paul E. A. Glaser
- 2Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Aimee Goldstone
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, United States
- Kevin M. Gray
- 3Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Samuel W. Hawes
- 4Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
- Andrew C. Heath
- 2Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Mary M. Heitzeg
- 4Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- John K. Hewitt
- 4Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
- Charles J. Heyser
- 5Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Elizabeth A. Hoffman
- 6Division of Extramural Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Rebekah S. Huber
- 6Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- Marilyn A. Huestis
- 7Medical Cannabis & Science Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Luke W. Hyde
- 8Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- M. Alejandra Infante
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Masha Y. Ivanova
- Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Joanna Jacobus
- 2Department of Psychiatry, University of San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Terry L. Jernigan
- 9Department of Cognitive Science, University of San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Nicole R. Karcher
- 2Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Angela R. Laird
- 0Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
- Kimberly H. LeBlanc
- 6Division of Extramural Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Krista Lisdahl
- 1Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Monica Luciana
- 2Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Beatriz Luna
- 9Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Hermine H. Maes
- 3Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VT, United States
- Andrew T. Marshall
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Andrew T. Marshall
- 4Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Michael J. Mason
- 5Center for Behavioral Health Research, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
- Erin C. McGlade
- 6Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- Amanda S. Morris
- 7Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States
- Amanda S. Morris
- 6Human Development and Family Science, Oklahoma State University, Tulsa, OK, United States
- Bonnie J. Nagel
- 7Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Gretchen N. Neigh
- 8Anatomy & Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VT, United States
- Clare E. Palmer
- 5Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Martin P. Paulus
- 7Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States
- Alexandra S. Potter
- 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
- Leon I. Puttler
- 4Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Nishadi Rajapakse
- 2Division of Scientific Programs, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Kristina Rapuano
- 6Department of Psychology, University of Yale, New Haven, CT, United States
- Gloria Reeves
- 7Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Perry F. Renshaw
- 9Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- Claudiu Schirda
- 0Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Kenneth J. Sher
- 1Department of Psychology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Chandni Sheth
- 9Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- Paul D. Shilling
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Lindsay M. Squeglia
- 3Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Matthew T. Sutherland
- 4Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
- Susan F. Tapert
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Rachel L. Tomko
- 3Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Deborah Yurgelun-Todd
- 9Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- Natasha E. Wade
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Susan R. B. Weiss
- 6Division of Extramural Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Robert A. Zucker
- 4Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Elizabeth R. Sowell
- Research on Children, Youth, and Families, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2020.549928
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 11
Abstract
AimTo examine individual variability between perceived physical features and hormones of pubertal maturation in 9–10-year-old children as a function of sociodemographic characteristics.MethodsCross-sectional metrics of puberty were utilized from the baseline assessment of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study—a multi-site sample of 9–10 year-olds (n = 11,875)—and included perceived physical features via the pubertal development scale (PDS) and child salivary hormone levels (dehydroepiandrosterone and testosterone in all, and estradiol in females). Multi-level models examined the relationships among sociodemographic measures, physical features, and hormone levels. A group factor analysis (GFA) was implemented to extract latent variables of pubertal maturation that integrated both measures of perceived physical features and hormone levels.ResultsPDS summary scores indicated more males (70%) than females (31%) were prepubertal. Perceived physical features and hormone levels were significantly associated with child’s weight status and income, such that more mature scores were observed among children that were overweight/obese or from households with low-income. Results from the GFA identified two latent factors that described individual differences in pubertal maturation among both females and males, with factor 1 driven by higher hormone levels, and factor 2 driven by perceived physical maturation. The correspondence between latent factor 1 scores (hormones) and latent factor 2 scores (perceived physical maturation) revealed synchronous and asynchronous relationships between hormones and concomitant physical features in this large young adolescent sample.ConclusionsSociodemographic measures were associated with both objective hormone and self-report physical measures of pubertal maturation in a large, diverse sample of 9–10 year-olds. The latent variables of pubertal maturation described a complex interplay between perceived physical changes and hormone levels that hallmark sexual maturation, which future studies can examine in relation to trajectories of brain maturation, risk/resilience to substance use, and other mental health outcomes.
Keywords
- adolescent brain cognitive development
- salivary hormones
- pubertal development scale
- puberty
- testosterone
- dehydroepiandrosterone
