Journal of Clinical Medicine (Nov 2022)
Impact of Smoking Status on Mortality in STEMI Patients Undergoing Mechanical Reperfusion for STEMI: Insights from the ISACS–STEMI COVID-19 Registry
- Giuseppe De Luca,
- Magdy Algowhary,
- Berat Uguz,
- Dinaldo C. Oliveira,
- Vladimir Ganyukov,
- Zan Zimbakov,
- Miha Cercek,
- Lisette Okkels Jensen,
- Poay Huan Loh,
- Lucian Calmac,
- Gerard Roura i Ferrer,
- Alexandre Quadros,
- Marek Milewski,
- Fortunato Scotto D’Uccio,
- Clemens von Birgelen,
- Francesco Versaci,
- Jurrien Ten Berg,
- Gianni Casella,
- Aaron Wong Sung Lung,
- Petr Kala,
- José Luis Díez Gil,
- Xavier Carrillo,
- Maurits Dirksen,
- Victor M. Becerra-Munoz,
- Michael Kang-yin Lee,
- Dafsah Arifa Juzar,
- Rodrigo de Moura Joaquim,
- Roberto Paladino,
- Davor Milicic,
- Periklis Davlouros,
- Nikola Bakraceski,
- Filippo Zilio,
- Luca Donazzan,
- Adriaan Kraaijeveld,
- Gennaro Galasso,
- Lux Arpad,
- Marinucci Lucia,
- Guiducci Vincenzo,
- Maurizio Menichelli,
- Alessandra Scoccia,
- Aylin Hatice Yamac,
- Kadir Ugur Mert,
- Xacobe Flores Rios,
- Tomas Kovarnik,
- Michal Kidawa,
- Josè Moreu,
- Flavien Vincent,
- Enrico Fabris,
- Iñigo Lozano Martínez-Luengas,
- Marco Boccalatte,
- Francisco Bosa Ojeda,
- Carlos Arellano-Serrano,
- Gianluca Caiazzo,
- Giuseppe Cirrincione,
- Hsien-Li Kao,
- Juan Sanchis Forés,
- Luigi Vignali,
- Helder Pereira,
- Stephane Manzo,
- Santiago Ordoñez,
- Alev Arat Özkan,
- Bruno Scheller,
- Heidi Lehtola,
- Rui Teles,
- Christos Mantis,
- Ylitalo Antti,
- João António Brum Silveira,
- Rodrigo Zoni,
- Ivan Bessonov,
- Stefano Savonitto,
- George Kochiadakis,
- Dimitrios Alexopulos,
- Carlos E. Uribe,
- John Kanakakis,
- Benjamin Faurie,
- Gabriele Gabrielli,
- Alejandro Gutierrez Barrios,
- Juan Pablo Bachini,
- Alex Rocha,
- Frankie Chor-Cheung Tam,
- Alfredo Rodriguez,
- Antonia Anna Lukito,
- Veauthyelau Saint-Joy,
- Gustavo Pessah,
- Andrea Tuccillo,
- Giuliana Cortese,
- Guido Parodi,
- Mohamed Abed Bouraghda,
- Elvin Kedhi,
- Pablo Lamelas,
- Harry Suryapranata,
- Matteo Nardin,
- Monica Verdoia
Affiliations
- Giuseppe De Luca
- Division of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, AOU Sassari, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Magdy Algowhary
- Division of Cardiology, Assiut University Heart Hospital, Assiut University, Asyut 71511, Egypt
- Berat Uguz
- Division of Cardiology, Bursa City Hospital, 16000 Bursa, Turkey
- Dinaldo C. Oliveira
- Pronto de Socorro Cardiologico “ Prof. Luis Tavares”, Centro PROCAPE, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50000-000, Brazil
- Vladimir Ganyukov
- Department of Heart and Vascular Surgery, State Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia
- Zan Zimbakov
- University Clinic for Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Ss’ Cyril and Methodius University, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
- Miha Cercek
- Centre for Intensive Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Lisette Okkels Jensen
- Division of Cardiology, Odense Universitets Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- Poay Huan Loh
- Department of Cardiology, National University Hospital, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Lucian Calmac
- Clinic Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, 010001 Bucharest, Romania
- Gerard Roura i Ferrer
- Interventional Cardiology Unit, Heart Disease Institute, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, 08016 Barcelona, Spain
- Alexandre Quadros
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90000-00, Brazil
- Marek Milewski
- Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Silezia, 40-002 Katowice, Poland
- Fortunato Scotto D’Uccio
- Division of Cardiology, Ospedale del Mare, 00156 Napoli, Italy
- Clemens von Birgelen
- Department of Cardiology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Thoraxcentrum Twente, 7541 Enschede, The Netherlands
- Francesco Versaci
- Division of Cardiology, Ospedale Santa Maria Goretti Latina, 04100 Latina, Italy
- Jurrien Ten Berg
- Division of Cardiology, St Antonius Hospital, 3434 Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
- Gianni Casella
- Division of Cardiology, Ospedale Maggiore Bologna, 40100 Bologna, Italy
- Aaron Wong Sung Lung
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center, Singapore 169609, Singapore
- Petr Kala
- University Hospital Brno, Medical Faculty of Masaryk, University Brno, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
- José Luis Díez Gil
- H. Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46001 Valencia, Spain
- Xavier Carrillo
- Cardiology, Hospital Germans Triasi Pujol, 8918 Badalona, Spain
- Maurits Dirksen
- Division of Cardiology, Northwest Clinics, 1811 Alkmaar, The Netherlands
- Victor M. Becerra-Munoz
- Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29000 Malaga, Spain
- Michael Kang-yin Lee
- Department of Cardiology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Dafsah Arifa Juzar
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center “Harapan Kita”, University of Indonesia, Jakarta 11420, Indonesia
- Rodrigo de Moura Joaquim
- Instituto de Cardiologia de Santa Catarina Praia Comprida, Sao Jose 88100-000, Brazil
- Roberto Paladino
- Division of Cardiology, Clinica Villa dei Fiori, 80011 Acerra, Italy
- Davor Milicic
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Centre, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Periklis Davlouros
- Invasive Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease, Patras University Hospital, 26221 Patras, Greece
- Nikola Bakraceski
- Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, 6000 Ohrid, North Macedonia
- Filippo Zilio
- Division of Cardiology, Ospedale Santa Chiara di Trento, 38014 Trento, Italy
- Luca Donazzan
- Division of Cardiology, Ospedale “S. Maurizio”, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
- Adriaan Kraaijeveld
- Division of Cardiology, UMC Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Gennaro Galasso
- Division of Cardiology, Ospedale San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona, 84070 Salerno, Italy
- Lux Arpad
- Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Center (UMC+), 6229 Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Marinucci Lucia
- Division of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliera “Ospedali Riuniti Marche Nord”, 61121 Pesaro, Italy
- Guiducci Vincenzo
- Division of Cardiology, AUSL-IRCCS Reggio Emilia, 42121 Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Maurizio Menichelli
- Division of Cardiology, Ospedale “F. Spaziani”, 03100 Frosinone, Italy
- Alessandra Scoccia
- Division of Cardiology, Ospedale “Sant’Anna”, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Aylin Hatice Yamac
- Department of Cardiology, Bezmialem Vakif University Hospital, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey
- Kadir Ugur Mert
- Division of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 02640 Eskisehir, Turkey
- Xacobe Flores Rios
- Cardiology, Complexo Hospetaliero Universitario La Coruna, 15001 La Coruna, Spain
- Tomas Kovarnik
- Cardiology University Hospital Prague, 12808 Prague, Czech Republic
- Michal Kidawa
- Central Hospital of Medical University of Lodz, 90-008 Lodz, Poland
- Josè Moreu
- Division of Cardiology, Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, 45001 Toledo, Spain
- Flavien Vincent
- Division of Cardiology, Center Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
- Enrico Fabris
- Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti, 34142 Trieste, Italy
- Iñigo Lozano Martínez-Luengas
- Division of Cardiology, Hospital Cabueñes, 33201 Gijon, Spain
- Marco Boccalatte
- Division of Cardiology, Ospedale Santa Maria delle Grazie, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
- Francisco Bosa Ojeda
- Division of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38001 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Carlos Arellano-Serrano
- Division of Cardiology, Hospital Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, 28222 Madrid, Spain
- Gianluca Caiazzo
- Division of Cardiology, Ospedale “G Moscati”, 81031 Aversa, Italy
- Giuseppe Cirrincione
- Division of Cardiology, Ospedale Civico Arnas, 90100 Palermo, Italy
- Hsien-Li Kao
- Cardiology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Tapei 8865600, Taiwan
- Juan Sanchis Forés
- Division of Cardiology, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Luigi Vignali
- Interventional Cardiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Sanitaria, 43121 Parma, Italy
- Helder Pereira
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Garcia de Orta (Pragal), 2805-267 Almada, Portugal
- Stephane Manzo
- Division of Cardiology, CHU Lariboisière, AP-HP, INSERM UMRS 942, Paris VII University, 75010 Paris, France
- Santiago Ordoñez
- Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
- Alev Arat Özkan
- Cardiology Institute, Instanbul University, 34000 Instanbul, Turkey
- Bruno Scheller
- Division of Cardiology, Clinical and Experimental Interventional Cardiology, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany
- Heidi Lehtola
- Division of Cardiology, Oulu University Hospital, 90220 Oulu, Finland
- Rui Teles
- Division of Cardiology, Hospital de Santa Cruz, CHLO—Nova Medical School, Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas (CEDOC), 1000 Lisbon, Portugal
- Christos Mantis
- Division of Cardiology, Kontantopoulion Hospital, 104 31 Athens, Greece
- Ylitalo Antti
- Division of Cardiology, Heart Centre Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland
- João António Brum Silveira
- Division of Cardiology, Hospital de Santo António, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal
- Rodrigo Zoni
- Tyumen Cardiology Research Center, 625026 Tyumen, Russia
- Ivan Bessonov
- Department of Teaching and Research, Instituto de Cardiología de Corrientes “Juana F. Cabral”, Corrientes W3400CDS, Argentina
- Stefano Savonitto
- Division of Cardiology, Ospedale “A. Manzoni”, 23900 Lecco, Italy
- George Kochiadakis
- Cardiology, Iraklion University Hospital, 70001 Crete, Greece
- Dimitrios Alexopulos
- Division of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, 10431 Athens, Greece
- Carlos E. Uribe
- Division of Cardiology, Universidad UPB- CES, Medellin 050001, Colombia
- John Kanakakis
- Division of Cardiology, Alexandra Hospital, 10431 Athens, Greece
- Benjamin Faurie
- Division of Cardiology, Groupe Hospitalier Mutualiste de Grenoble, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Gabriele Gabrielli
- Interventional Cardiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria “Ospedali Riuniti”, 60100 Ancona, Italy
- Alejandro Gutierrez Barrios
- Division of Cardiology, Hospital Puerta del Mar, 11001 Cadiz, Spain
- Juan Pablo Bachini
- Instituto de Cardiologia Integral, Montevideo 11700, Uruguay
- Alex Rocha
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, Instituto Nacional de Cirugía Cardíaca, Montevideo 11700, Uruguay
- Frankie Chor-Cheung Tam
- Department of Cardiology, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Alfredo Rodriguez
- Division of Cardiology, Otamendi Hospital, Buenos Aires 1001, Argentina
- Antonia Anna Lukito
- Cardiovascular Department, Siloam Lippo Village Hospital, Heart Center, Pelita Harapan University, Tangerang 15810, Indonesia
- Veauthyelau Saint-Joy
- Cardiology, Center Hospitalier d’Antibes Juan Les Pins, 06600 Antibes, France
- Gustavo Pessah
- Division of Cardiology, Hospiatl Cordoba, Cordoba 5000, Argentina
- Andrea Tuccillo
- Division of Cardiology, Ospedale del Mare, 00156 Napoli, Italy
- Giuliana Cortese
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
- Guido Parodi
- Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliera, 16033 Lavagna, Italy
- Mohamed Abed Bouraghda
- Division of Cardiology, Blida University Hospital, Blida 09000, Algeria
- Elvin Kedhi
- Division of Cardiology, Hopital Erasmus, Universitè Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Bruxelles, Belgium
- Pablo Lamelas
- Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
- Harry Suryapranata
- Division of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Matteo Nardin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Riuniti, 25121 Brescia, Italy
- Monica Verdoia
- Division of Cardiology, Ospedale Degli Infermi, ASL Biella, 13900 Biella, Italy
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11226722
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 11,
no. 22
p. 6722
Abstract
The so-called “smoking paradox”, conditioning lower mortality in smokers among STEMI patients, has seldom been addressed in the settings of modern primary PCI protocols. The ISACS–STEMI COVID-19 is a large-scale retrospective multicenter registry addressing in-hospital mortality, reperfusion, and 30-day mortality among primary PCI patients in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. Among the 16,083 STEMI patients, 6819 (42.3%) patients were active smokers, 2099 (13.1%) previous smokers, and 7165 (44.6%) non-smokers. Despite the impaired preprocedural recanalization (p p p p < 0.001) mortality compared with non-smokers and previous smokers; this was confirmed after adjustment for all baseline and procedural confounders, and the propensity score. In conclusion, in our population, active smoking was significantly associated with improved epicardial recanalization and lower in-hospital and 30-day mortality compared with previous and non-smoking history.
Keywords