The genetic basis of learning

Abstract

Learning, should be define like a process of temporary retaining information, habit, knowledge and ability in the brain. This includes all three components (parts) of a reflex arc: sensory neuron, interneuron and motor neuron (effector neuron). Sinapse modification and process of learning is in direct relation with a gene responsible for a state of interneurons communication into the brain. Sensory experience is very important for a adeqate interneurane modification in the CNS (brain). Sensory experience and change at the sinapse initiates depolarization of the membrane and influx of calcium in the citoplasme of the interneurone. This type of signale and influx of calcium which starts amolecular mehanisme which are into basis of interneurone adaptation into a process of learning. This is a very important mehanisme in activation of specifical transcripcione faktor necessary for a sintesis of regulatore proteines which cause structural change of the neurone. With aspect of this, learning is a multifactorial traits, and quality of learning depends, on many genes (polygenictraits) and from environmental factors. Importance hereditary factors (gene) and environmental factors, for a process of the learning, in this article, is explained, on the model which we have called '‟garden model‟‟.

Keywords

• learning
• genetics
• environment
• sinapse
• 'garden model'