Antifungal Agents Based on Chitosan Oligomers, ε-polylysine and <i>Streptomyces</i> spp. Secondary Metabolites against Three Botryosphaeriaceae Species
Laura Buzón-Durán,
Jesús Martín-Gil,
Eduardo Pérez-Lebeña,
David Ruano-Rosa,
José L. Revuelta,
José Casanova-Gascón,
M. Carmen Ramos-Sánchez,
Pablo Martín-Ramos
Affiliations
Laura Buzón-Durán
Departamento de Ingeniería Agroforestal, ETSIIAA, Universidad de Valladolid, Avenida de Madrid 44, 34004 Palencia, Spain
Jesús Martín-Gil
Departamento de Ingeniería Agroforestal, ETSIIAA, Universidad de Valladolid, Avenida de Madrid 44, 34004 Palencia, Spain
Eduardo Pérez-Lebeña
Departamento de Ingeniería Agroforestal, ETSIIAA, Universidad de Valladolid, Avenida de Madrid 44, 34004 Palencia, Spain
David Ruano-Rosa
Instituto Tecnológico Agrario de Castilla y León, Unidad de Cultivos Leñosos y Hortícolas, Ctra. De Burgos km 119, Finca Zamadueñas, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
José L. Revuelta
Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, C/ Donantes de Sangre, s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
José Casanova-Gascón
Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Ambientales de Aragón (IUCA), EPS, Universidad de Zaragoza, Carretera de Cuarte, s/n, 22071 Huesca, Spain
M. Carmen Ramos-Sánchez
Servicio de Microbiología y Parasitología, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, SACYL, Calle Dulzaina, 2, 47012 Valladolid, Spain
Pablo Martín-Ramos
Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Ambientales de Aragón (IUCA), EPS, Universidad de Zaragoza, Carretera de Cuarte, s/n, 22071 Huesca, Spain
Grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) are a major threat to the wine and grape industry. The aim of the study was to investigate the antifungal activity against Neofusicoccum parvum, Diplodia seriata, and Botryosphaeria dothidea of ε-polylysine, chitosan oligomers, their conjugates, Streptomyces rochei and S. lavendofoliae culture filtrates, and their binary mixtures with chitosan oligomers. In vitro mycelial growth inhibition tests suggest that the efficacy of these treatments, in particular those based on ε-polylysine and ε-polylysine:chitosan oligomers 1:1 w/w conjugate, against the three Botryosphaeriaceae species would be comparable to or higher than that of conventional synthetic fungicides. In the case of ε-polylysine, EC90 values as low as 227, 26.9, and 22.5 µg·mL−1 were obtained for N. parvum, D. seriata, and B. dothidea, respectively. Although the efficacy of the conjugate was slightly lower, with EC90 values of 507.5, 580.2, and 497.4 µg·mL−1, respectively, it may represent a more cost-effective option to the utilization of pure ε-polylysine. The proposed treatments may offer a viable and sustainable alternative for controlling GTDs.
