Frontiers in Oncology (Sep 2020)

Case Report: Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation Following Induction With CPX-351 in Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia Is Feasible

  • Vladan Vucinic,
  • Madlen Jentzsch,
  • Sebastian Schwind,
  • Enrica Bach,
  • Sabine Leiblein,
  • Yvonne Remane,
  • Susanne Rieprecht,
  • Sandra Otto,
  • Anne-Sophie Kubasch,
  • Gerhard Behre,
  • Michael Cross,
  • Uwe Platzbecker,
  • Georg-Nikolaus Franke

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2020.01746
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 10

Abstract

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Acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia-related changes (AML-MRC) and treatment-related acute myeloid leukemia (tAML) after chemotherapy or radiation therapy for other neoplasms are associated with poor outcomes. CPX-351, a dual-drug liposomal encapsulation of daunorubicin and cytarabine, has been shown to improve outcomes in AML-MRC and tAML compared with standard 7+3 regimens. Here we report the cases of four consecutive patients with AML-MRC or tAML who received CPX-351 as outpatient induction therapy immediately followed by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Two patients received allo-HSCT in remission (one in complete remission and one in partial remission) and two patients received allo-HSCT in aplasia (one at 11 days and one at 52 days after the start of induction therapy with CPX-351). With a median follow-up of 188 days after allo-HSCT, all but one patient are alive and two are in remission. Further studies will help define and expand the role of CPX-351 in the treatment of AML-MRC and tAML, especially in patients expected to undergo allo-HSCT.

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