Heliyon (Nov 2024)
The impact of vaccination status on post-acute sequelae in hospitalized COVID-19 survivors using a multi-disciplinary approach: An observational single center study
- Lucia Ilaria Birtolo,
- Gianluca Di Pietro,
- Antonella Ciuffreda,
- Riccardo Improta,
- Sara Monosilio,
- Silvia Prosperi,
- Sara Cimino,
- Nicola Galea,
- Paolo Severino,
- Gioacchino Galardo,
- Maria Chiara Colaiacomo,
- Patrizia Pasculli,
- Angelo Petroianni,
- Paolo Palange,
- Claudio Maria Mastroianni,
- Laura de Vito,
- Carlo Catalano,
- Francesco Pugliese,
- Maria Rosa Ciardi,
- Paola Celli,
- Roberto Badagliacca,
- Francesco Fedele,
- Carmine Dario Vizza,
- Viviana Maestrini,
- Massimo Mancone,
- Agnes Gianluca,
- Albante Alida,
- Alfarano Maria,
- Araimo Morselli Fabio,
- Auricchio Daniela,
- Barletta Giovanna,
- Bilotta Federico,
- Brisciani Matteo,
- Bruno Katia,
- Bucarelli Maria Clelia,
- Cappannoli Alessandro,
- Ceccarelli Giancarlo,
- Celli Paola,
- Consolo Stella,
- Consoli Giulia,
- Croce Claudia,
- Crocitti Beatrice,
- D'Antoni Letizia,
- De Lazzaro Francesco,
- De Lauri Daniela,
- De Persis Francesca,
- De Rose Maria,
- Del Bianco Andrea,
- Di Bella Valerio,
- Di Sano Laura,
- Di Santo Carmela,
- Filomena Domenico,
- Giannetti Lorena,
- Giordano Giovanni,
- Ianni Stefano,
- Imperiale Carmela,
- Magnanimi Eugenia,
- Manganelli Chiara,
- Maldarelli Federica,
- Manzi Giovanna,
- Marcon Serena,
- Mariani Marco Valerio,
- Martelli Sabina,
- Messina Teresa,
- Neccia Matteo,
- Novelli Martina,
- Papa Silvia,
- Pasqualitto Fabiola,
- Pattelli Elisa,
- Pecorari Filippo,
- Perrella Serena,
- Passarelli Ilaria,
- Piazzolla Mario,
- Piro Agostino,
- Portieri Monica,
- Ratini Fabiola,
- Ricci Claudia,
- Romano Hilde,
- Sabani Anna,
- Santopietro Pietro,
- Tanzilli Alessandra,
- Tellan Guglielmo,
- Titi Luca,
- Tocci Marco,
- Tordiglione Paolo,
- Tosi Antonella,
- Trigilia Fausto,
- Verduci Noemi,
- Vaccaro Paola
Affiliations
- Lucia Ilaria Birtolo
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, “Policlinico Umberto I” Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Gianluca Di Pietro
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, “Policlinico Umberto I” Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Antonella Ciuffreda
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, “Policlinico Umberto I” Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Riccardo Improta
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, “Policlinico Umberto I” Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Sara Monosilio
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, “Policlinico Umberto I” Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Silvia Prosperi
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, “Policlinico Umberto I” Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Sara Cimino
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, “Policlinico Umberto I” Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Nicola Galea
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, “Policlinico Umberto I” Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Paolo Severino
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, “Policlinico Umberto I” Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Gioacchino Galardo
- Emergency Department - “Policlinico Umberto I” Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Maria Chiara Colaiacomo
- Radiology DEA Department, Sapienza University of Rome, “Policlinico Umberto I” Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Patrizia Pasculli
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, “Policlinico Umberto I” Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Angelo Petroianni
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, “Policlinico Umberto I” Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Paolo Palange
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, “Policlinico Umberto I” Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Claudio Maria Mastroianni
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, “Policlinico Umberto I” Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Laura de Vito
- “Policlinico Umberto I” Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Carlo Catalano
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, “Policlinico Umberto I” Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Francesco Pugliese
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, “Policlinico Umberto I” Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Maria Rosa Ciardi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, “Policlinico Umberto I” Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Paola Celli
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, “Policlinico Umberto I” Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Roberto Badagliacca
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, “Policlinico Umberto I” Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Francesco Fedele
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, “Policlinico Umberto I” Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Carmine Dario Vizza
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, “Policlinico Umberto I” Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Viviana Maestrini
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, “Policlinico Umberto I” Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Massimo Mancone
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, “Policlinico Umberto I” Hospital, Rome, Italy; Corresponding author: Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy, Viale del Policlinico, 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Agnes Gianluca
- Albante Alida
- Alfarano Maria
- Araimo Morselli Fabio
- Auricchio Daniela
- Barletta Giovanna
- Bilotta Federico
- Brisciani Matteo
- Bruno Katia
- Bucarelli Maria Clelia
- Cappannoli Alessandro
- Ceccarelli Giancarlo
- Celli Paola
- Consolo Stella
- Consoli Giulia
- Croce Claudia
- Crocitti Beatrice
- D'Antoni Letizia
- De Lazzaro Francesco
- De Lauri Daniela
- De Persis Francesca
- De Rose Maria
- Del Bianco Andrea
- Di Bella Valerio
- Di Sano Laura
- Di Santo Carmela
- Filomena Domenico
- Giannetti Lorena
- Giordano Giovanni
- Ianni Stefano
- Imperiale Carmela
- Magnanimi Eugenia
- Manganelli Chiara
- Maldarelli Federica
- Manzi Giovanna
- Marcon Serena
- Mariani Marco Valerio
- Martelli Sabina
- Messina Teresa
- Neccia Matteo
- Novelli Martina
- Papa Silvia
- Pasqualitto Fabiola
- Pattelli Elisa
- Pecorari Filippo
- Perrella Serena
- Passarelli Ilaria
- Piazzolla Mario
- Piro Agostino
- Portieri Monica
- Ratini Fabiola
- Ricci Claudia
- Romano Hilde
- Sabani Anna
- Santopietro Pietro
- Tanzilli Alessandra
- Tellan Guglielmo
- Titi Luca
- Tocci Marco
- Tordiglione Paolo
- Tosi Antonella
- Trigilia Fausto
- Verduci Noemi
- Vaccaro Paola
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 10,
no. 22
p. e40409
Abstract
Background: COVID-19 vaccines reduced mortality, hospitalizations and ICUs admissions. Conversely, the impact of vaccination on Long COVID-19 syndrome is still unclear. This study compared the prevalence of post-acute sequelae at short and long-term follow-up among hospitalized unvaccinated and vaccinated COVID-19 survivors through a multidisciplinary approach. Methods: After 2 months from discharge, unvaccinated and vaccinated COVID-19 survivors underwent a follow-up visit at a dedicated “post-COVID-19 Outpatient Clinic”. The follow-up visit included a cardiovascular evaluation, blood tests, chest computed tomography, 6-min walking test (6MWT), spirometry. A one-year telephone follow-up was performed to assess re-hospitalizations, death and long-lasting symptoms. An additional 1:1 case-control matching analysis adjusted for baseline characteristics was performed. Results: Between June 2020 and June 2022, a total of 458 unvaccinated and vaccinated patients (229 per group) underwent the follow-up visit. Vaccinated patients had lower rates of ICU admissions (1.7 % vs 9.6 %, p= <0.001) and severe respiratory complications requiring intubation (1.3 % vs 7 %, p = 0.002) or non-invasive ventilation such as high-flow nasal oxygen therapy (1.7 % vs 7.9 %, p = 0.02), CPAP (1.3 % vs 20.1 %, p= < 0.001), and low-flow oxygen therapy (3.5 % vs 63.3 %, p= <0.001) compared to unvaccinated ones. At 2-month follow-up, vaccinated patients had fewer persistent ground-glass opacities (2.6 % vs 52.8 %, p= <0.001) or consolidations (0.9 % vs 8.3 %, p= <0.001). Additionally, unvaccinated patients experienced more frequent myocarditis (4.8 % vs 0.9 %, p = 0.013) and pulmonary embolism (1.8 % vs 0 %, p = 0.042) and exhibited more significant respiratory impairment as evidenced by desaturation during the 6MWT(10.2 % vs 3.5 %, p = 0.005) and altered spirometry (14 % vs 8.7 %, p = 0.043) compared to vaccinated ones. At one-year, unvaccinated patients reported more symptoms such as dyspnea (20.5 % vs 10 %, p = 0.002), psychological symptoms (10 % vs 3.5 %, p = 0.005) and chronic rhinosinusitis/cough (6,6 % vs 2,6 %, p = 0.04) as compared to vaccinated ones. The 1:1 case-control matching analysis also confirmed these results. Conclusions: COVID-19 vaccines improve short-term outcomes and may reduce Long COVID-19 prevalence.
