Exploring the Remarkable Chemotherapeutic Potential of Polyphenolic Antioxidants in Battling Various Forms of Cancer
Mohammad Imran,
Areeba Insaf,
Nazeer Hasan,
Vrushabh V. Sugandhi,
Deumaya Shrestha,
Keshav Raj Paudel,
Saurav Kumar Jha,
Philip M. Hansbro,
Kamal Dua,
Hari Prasad Devkota,
Yousuf Mohammed
Affiliations
Mohammad Imran
Therapeutics Research Group, Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
Areeba Insaf
Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
Nazeer Hasan
Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
Vrushabh V. Sugandhi
Department of Pharmaceutics, Y.B. Chavan College of Pharmacy, Aurangabad 431001, India
Deumaya Shrestha
Department of Bioscience, Mokp o National University, Muna 58554, Republic of Korea
Keshav Raj Paudel
Centre of Inflammation, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
Saurav Kumar Jha
Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, Mokpo National University, Muna 58554, Republic of Korea
Philip M. Hansbro
Centre of Inflammation, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
Kamal Dua
Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
Hari Prasad Devkota
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
Yousuf Mohammed
Therapeutics Research Group, Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
Plant-derived compounds, specifically antioxidants, have played an important role in scavenging the free radicals present under diseased conditions. The persistent generation of free radicals in the body leads to inflammation and can result in even more severe diseases such as cancer. Notably, the antioxidant potential of various plant-derived compounds prevents and deregulates the formation of radicals by initiating their decomposition. There is a vast literature demonstrating antioxidant compounds’ anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-cancer potential. This review describes the molecular mechanism of various flavonoids, such as quercetin, kaempferol, naringenin, epicatechin, and epicatechin gallate, against different cancers. Additionally, the pharmaceutical application of these flavonoids against different cancers using nanotechnologies such as polymeric, lipid-based nanoparticles (solid–lipid and liquid–lipid), liposomes, and metallic nanocarriers is addressed. Finally, combination therapies in which these flavonoids are employed along with other anti-cancer agents are described, indicating the effective therapies for the management of various malignancies.
