Exploring complex diglossia in Javanese society

Abstract

AbstractThis essay examines diglossia within the Javanese community, highlighting a complex, tiered language structure reflective of social hierarchies, expanding upon Fasold’s concept of double overlapping diglossia. Classic diglossia, as outlined by Ferguson, is contrasted with broader interpretations by Fishman, which have been criticized for overgeneralization. Javanese society showcases an intricate model of diglossia, where Bahasa Indonesia and various forms of Javanese are utilized across different social domains. The study explores the use of High and Low language varieties within Javanese society, specifically in educational and community settings. Research indicates that language use is adaptive, with choices reflecting the interplay between formality, social relationships, and educational contexts. Despite the depth of current studies, further exploration is needed to understand the impact of global languages on traditional diglossic practices, especially among the youth. This essay proposes investigating how global trends and digital communication influence the Javanese language’s future trajectory, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of linguistic evolution in Javanese society amid globalization.

Keywords

• Bilingualism in Indonesia
• high varieties
• low varieties
• language use
• Javanese diglossia
• linguistic landscape