Reduced Antibody Acquisition with Increasing Age following Vaccination with BNT162b2: Results from Two Longitudinal Cohort Studies in The Netherlands
Lotus Leonie van den Hoogen,
Mardi Boer,
Abigail Postema,
Lia de Rond,
Mary-lène de Zeeuw-Brouwer,
Inge Pronk,
Alienke Jentien Wijmenga-Monsuur,
Elske Bijvank,
Caitlyn Kruiper,
Lisa Beckers,
Marjan Bogaard-van Maurik,
Ilse Zutt,
Jeffrey van Vliet,
Rianne van Bergen,
Marjan Kuijer,
Gaby Smits,
W. M. Monique Verschuren,
H. Susan J. Picavet,
Fiona Regina Maria van der Klis,
Gerco den Hartog,
Robert Samuel van Binnendijk,
Anne-Marie Buisman
Affiliations
Lotus Leonie van den Hoogen
Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
Mardi Boer
Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
Abigail Postema
Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
Lia de Rond
Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
Mary-lène de Zeeuw-Brouwer
Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
Inge Pronk
Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
Alienke Jentien Wijmenga-Monsuur
Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
Elske Bijvank
Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
Caitlyn Kruiper
Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
Lisa Beckers
Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
Marjan Bogaard-van Maurik
Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
Ilse Zutt
Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
Jeffrey van Vliet
Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
Rianne van Bergen
Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
Marjan Kuijer
Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
Gaby Smits
Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
W. M. Monique Verschuren
Centre for Prevention and Health Services Research, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
H. Susan J. Picavet
Centre for Prevention and Health Services Research, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
Fiona Regina Maria van der Klis
Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
Gerco den Hartog
Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
Robert Samuel van Binnendijk
Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
Anne-Marie Buisman
Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
Vaccine-induced protection against severe COVID-19, hospitalization, and death is of the utmost importance, especially in the elderly. However, limited data are available on humoral immune responses following COVID-19 vaccination in the general population across a broad age range. We performed an integrated analysis of the effect of age, sex, and prior SARS-CoV-2 infection on Spike S1-specific (S1) IgG concentrations up to three months post-BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech; Comirnaty) vaccination. In total, 1735 persons, eligible for COVID-19 vaccination through the national program, were recruited from the general population (12 to 92 years old). Sixty percent were female, and the median vaccination interval was 35 days (interquartile range, IQR: 35–35). All participants had seroconverted to S1 one month after two vaccine doses. S1 IgG was higher in participants with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection (median: 4535 BAU/mL, IQR: 2341–7205) compared to infection-naive persons (1842 BAU/mL, 1019–3116), p p p < 0.001). In persons with an infection history, age nor sex was associated with S1 IgG concentrations. The lower magnitude of S1 antibodies in older persons following COVID-19 vaccination will affect long-term protection.
