Automated Smart Crop Protection Utilising IoT: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

In the modern agricultural landscape, the surge in demand for organic farming accentuates the imperative of continuous plant health monitoring. This becomes even more paramount when ensuring both the quality and quantity of produce. Crop devastation by wild and domestic animals, coupled with the challenge of maintaining optimal soil conditions, necessitates innovative solutions, particularly in settings where round-the clock human surveillance is not viable. This review delves into an advanced, automated crop protection system, amalgamating the prowess of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) to address these multifaceted issues. The objective of the highlighted research is to craft a remote system capable of ceaseless soil moisture assessment, thereby optimizing plant health and yield. Enhancing the efficiency and longevity of this system, the Exponential Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) event detection algorithm has been incorporated. Furthermore, the system safeguards agricultural territories from intruders and wild animal threats, offering farmers a robust mechanism to prevent substantial financial losses and ensuring they yield healthier, abundant crops.