Occurrence and Mechanism of <i>Papaver rhoeas</i> ALS Inhibitors Resistance in Poland
Marta Stankiewicz-Kosyl,
Małgorzata Haliniarz,
Mariola Wrochna,
Aleksandra Obrępalska-Stęplowska,
Piotr Kuc,
Justyna Łukasz,
Marzena Wińska-Krysiak,
Barbara Wrzesińska-Krupa,
Joanna Puła,
Cezary Podsiadło,
Krzysztof Domaradzki,
Mariusz Piekarczyk,
Marcin Bednarczyk,
Katarzyna Marcinkowska
Affiliations
Marta Stankiewicz-Kosyl
Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
Małgorzata Haliniarz
Department of Herbology and Plant Cultivation Techniques, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
Mariola Wrochna
Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
Aleksandra Obrępalska-Stęplowska
Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Protection—National Research Institute, Władysława Węgorka 20, 60-318 Poznań, Poland
Piotr Kuc
Institute of Agroecology and Plant Production, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 24A, 50-363 Wrocław, Poland
Justyna Łukasz
Department of Herbology and Plant Cultivation Techniques, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
Marzena Wińska-Krysiak
Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
Barbara Wrzesińska-Krupa
Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Protection—National Research Institute, Władysława Węgorka 20, 60-318 Poznań, Poland
Joanna Puła
Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, University of Agriculture, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Kraków, Poland
Cezary Podsiadło
Department of Agroengineering, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Papieża Pawła VI 3, 71-459 Szczecin, Poland
Krzysztof Domaradzki
Department of Weed Science and Soil Tillage Systems, Institute of Soil Sciences and Plant Cultivation—State Research Institute, Orzechowa 61, 50-540 Wrocław, Poland
Mariusz Piekarczyk
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Prof. S. Kaliskiego 7, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland
Marcin Bednarczyk
Syngenta Polska Sp. z o.o., Szamocka 8, 01-748 Warsaw, Poland
Katarzyna Marcinkowska
Department of Weed Science and Plant Protection Techniques, Institute of Plant Protection—National Research Institute, Władysława Węgorka 20, 60-318 Poznań, Poland
Herbicide resistance in weeds, including corn poppy (Papaver rhoeas L.), is an increasing problem compromising global crop production. The aims of this study were to evaluate the susceptibility of P. rhoeas populations in Poland to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors and elucidate their mechanisms of resistance. Between 2017 and 2020, 157 seed samples were collected nationwide and a dose-response study with various ALS-inhibiting herbicides was performed in glasshouses. This revealed 14 resistant populations with R/S ranges of 2.3–1450.2, 9.5–398.5 and 2–2.5 for tribenuron, iodosulfuron and florasulam, respectively. Eight of them were cross-resistant to both tribenuron and iodosulfuron, three and one populations were singly resistant to tribenuron and iodosulfuron, respectively, and one population had reduced susceptibility to florasulam only. In one population, cross-resistance to tribenuron, iodosulfuron and florasulam was identified. The ED50 of many populations susceptible to ALS inhibitors was close to half the recommended dose of the herbicides tested. In seven out of eight resistant P. rhoeas populations analysed, target-site resistance was identified. Six amino acid replacements were found (Ala197, Arg197, His197, Leu197, Ser197 and Thr197). In one population resistant to ALS inhibitors, no mutations in the ALS gene were detected. An efficient anti-resistance strategy is needed to reduce the development of herbicide resistance in P. rhoeas in Poland.
