<i>Punica granatum</i> L. Extract Shows Cardioprotective Effects Measured by Oxidative Stress Markers and Biomarkers of Heart Failure in an Animal Model of Metabolic Syndrome
Joanna Niewiadomska,
Monika Kasztura,
Izabela Janus,
Elżbieta Chełmecka,
Dominika Marta Stygar,
Piotr Frydrychowski,
Aneta Wojdyło,
Agnieszka Noszczyk-Nowak
Affiliations
Joanna Niewiadomska
Department of Internal and Diseases with Clinic for Horses, Dogs, and Cats, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
Monika Kasztura
Department of Food Hygiene and Consumer Health Protection, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
Izabela Janus
Department of Pathology, Division of Pathomorphology and Veterinary Forensics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
Elżbieta Chełmecka
Department of Statistics, Department of Instrumental Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec Medical University of Silesia, 40-751 Katowice, Poland
Dominika Marta Stygar
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-751 Katowice, Poland
Piotr Frydrychowski
Department of Internal and Diseases with Clinic for Horses, Dogs, and Cats, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
Aneta Wojdyło
Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Nutraceutical Plant Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
Agnieszka Noszczyk-Nowak
Department of Internal and Diseases with Clinic for Horses, Dogs, and Cats, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), a leading cause of death globally. The presented study investigated the cardioprotective role of dietary polyphenols found in pomegranate peels in an animal model of metabolic syndrome. Zucker diabetic fatty rats (ZDF, MetS rats, fa/fa) were supplemented with polyphenol-rich pomegranate peel extract (EPP) at two dosages: 100 mg/kg BW and 200 mg/kg BW. The extract was administered for 8 weeks. The effect of ethanolic peel extract on the concentration of oxidative stress markers (CAT, SOD, MnSOD, GR, GST, GPx, TOS, SH, and MDA), biomarkers of heart failure (cTnI, GAL-3), and alternations in tissue architecture was assessed. The results showed a significant increase in SH concentration mediated via EPP supplementation (p p p = 0.063), SOD (p = 0.455), MnSOD (p = 0.155), and MDA (p = 0.790) concentration were observed after exposure to the pomegranate peel extract. The administration of EPP did not influence the cTnI and GAL-3 levels. Histology analysis of the heart and aorta sections revealed no toxic changes in phenolic-treated rats. The findings of this study prove that the extract from pomegranate peels possesses free radical scavenging properties in the myocardium. The effect on alleviating ventricular remodeling and cardiomyocyte necrosis was not confirmed and requires further investigation.
