The Initial Performance Evaluation of Mixed Multi-Frequency Undifferenced and Uncombined BDS-2/3 Precise Point Positioning under Urban Environmental Conditions

Fuxin Yang; Chuanlei Zheng; Jie Zhang; Zhiguo Sun; Liang Li; Lin Zhao

doi:10.3390/rs14215525

Remote Sensing (Nov 2022)

The Initial Performance Evaluation of Mixed Multi-Frequency Undifferenced and Uncombined BDS-2/3 Precise Point Positioning under Urban Environmental Conditions

Fuxin Yang,
Chuanlei Zheng,
Jie Zhang,
Zhiguo Sun,
Liang Li,
Lin Zhao

Affiliations

Fuxin Yang: College of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
Chuanlei Zheng: College of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
Jie Zhang: College of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
Zhiguo Sun: College of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
Liang Li: College of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
Lin Zhao: College of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14215525
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 14, no. 21
p. 5525

Abstract

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With the full operation of the global BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS-3), positioning performance can be further enhanced by BDS-3 combined with the regional BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS-2). However, due to satellite signals being out of lock and the limited visibility of satellites, the traditional multi-frequency BDS-2/3 precise point positioning (PPP) model is unable to maintain great positioning performance under urban environmental conditions. In this study, a mixed multi-frequency undifferenced and uncombined (UDUC) BDS-2/3 PPP model is presented to improve the positioning performance under urban environmental conditions by making full use of B1I, B1C, B2I, B2a, and B3I signals from all visible BDS satellites. In this model, BDS satellites with single-, dual-, triple- and quad-frequency observations all can participate in PPP. The static and kinematic experiments were carried out using the mixed multi-frequency UDUC BDS-2/3 PPP model to fully assess the positioning performance under urban environmental conditions with comparisons to the multi-frequency model. The static experiments indicated that the mixed multi-frequency UDUC BDS-2/3 PPP could continuously achieve decimeter-level positioning accuracy at a cut-off elevation angle of 40°, but part of the BDS-3 PPP would lose resolution due to limited visible satellites. Furthermore, the initial kinematic vehicle experiment showed that mixed multi-frequency UDUC BDS-2/3 PPP had better satellite geometry and more observation redundancy than the traditional multi-frequency model. Compared with the traditional multi-frequency BDS-2/3 model, the positioning accuracy of the mixed multi-frequency model was improved by 51.6, 35.5, and 39.1%, respectively, in east, north, and up directions. The convergence time was shortened by 40%.

Published in Remote Sensing

ISSN: 2072-4292 (Online)
Publisher: MDPI AG
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Science
Website: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/remotesensing/

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