Sensory profile characterization of non-wheat flour biscuits using Rate-All That-Apply (RATA) and emotional sensory mapping (ESM) method

Abstract

Biscuits are food product frequently made from wheat flour. Food producers aim to produce biscuits using non-wheat flour, such as tuber, fruit, or grain flour. Consumers will accept product with acceptable sensory aspects, which can be determined by using the Rate-All-That-Apply (RATA) and emotional sensory mapping (ESM) procedures. The objective of this study was to identify and compare sensory qualities using the RATA method; emotional attributes using the ESM method in non-wheat biscuits. Five biscuits were tested including pedada:mocaf flour biscuits, pedada:porang flour biscuits, pumpberry biscuits, berryfine biscuits, and caramelized strawberry biscuits. Panelists showed an average favorability score on the attributes of crunchy texture; caramel, nutty, sweet, and milky aroma; nutty, vanilla, sweet and savory taste; golden-brown color; and dry mouthfeel. PCoA results show emotional attributes close to the liking point are fun and comforting; needstate attributes are balanced, sharing, and energy; and environmental state attributes are windy and morning. This research provides valuable information about the sensory profile and emotional attributes of non-wheat biscuits so that it can be used for further biscuit development and commercialization.

Keywords

• Non-wheat flour biscuits
• Sensory attributes
• Rate-All-That-Apply
• Emotional sensory mapping
• Liking