Bioequivalence study of two formulations of bisoprolol fumarate film-coated tablets in healthy subjects

Abstract

Raymond R Tjandrawinata,1 Effi Setiawati,2 Danang Agung Yunaidi,2 Iwan Dwi Santoso,2 Arini Setiawati,3 Liana W Susanto11Dexa Laboratories of Biomolecular Sciences (DLBS), Cikarang, Indonesia; 2Bioavailability and Bioequivalence Laboratory, Equilab International, Jakarta, Indonesia; 3Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, IndonesiaBackground: The present study was conducted to compare the bioavailability of two bisoprolol fumarate 5 mg film-coated tablet formulations (test and reference formulations).Patients and methods: This study was a randomized, single-blind, two-period, two-sequence crossover study that included 18 healthy adult male and female subjects under fasting condition. The pharmacokinetic parameters were determined based on the concentrations of bisoprolol (CAS 66722-44-9), using ultraperformance liquid chromatography with a tandem mass spectrometer detector. In each of the two study periods (separated by a washout of 1 week) a single dose of test or reference product was administered. The pharmacokinetic parameters assessed were area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to 48 hours (AUCt), AUC from time zero to infinity (AUCinf), the peak plasma concentration of the drug (Cmax), time needed to achieve Cmax (tmax), and the elimination half-life (t½).Results: The geometric mean ratios (90% confidence intervals) of the test drug/reference drug for bisoprolol were 101.61% (96.14%–107.38%) for AUCt, 101.31% (95.66%–107.29%) for AUCinf, and 100.28% (93.90%–107.09%) for Cmax. The differences between the test and reference drug products for bisoprolol tmax and t½ values were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). There was no adverse event encountered during this bioequivalence test. The 90% confidence intervals of the test/reference AUC ratio and Cmax ratio of bisoprolol were within the acceptance range for bioequivalence.Conclusion: It was concluded that the two bisoprolol film-coated tablet formulations (the test and reference products) were bioequivalent in terms of the rate and extent of absorption.Keywords: β1-adrenergic receptor antagonist, antihypertension, bioavailability, bioequivalence, bisoprolol, pharmacokinetics