Cytotoxic and antiproliferative activities of aqueous extract from aerial parts of Ampelocissus latifolia (Roxb.) Planch. on Dalton’s lymphoma cells

Abstract

Ampelocissus latifolia (Roxb.) Planch. is an Indian medicinal native herb. The present study reports the cytotoxic and antiproliferative activities of the aqueous extract from aerial parts of A. latifolia (AEAAL) on Dalton’s lymphoma (DL) cells for the first time. Here, DL cells were cultured in vitro and treated with AEAAL (0.50–6 mg.mL−1) for up to 24 h. In vitro cytotoxicity and antiproliferation were measured by MTT and trypan blue assays, fluorescence microscope, agarose gel electrophoresis, and analysis of cell cycle kinetics by flow cytometer. Results indicated significant and concentration-dependent decreased survivability of AEAAL-treated DL cells, increased percentages of apoptotic cells, DNA laddering, increased sub-G1 cell frequency, and delay in cell cycle kinetics. Here, the reduced cell viability and increased sub-G1 cell populations were significantly correlated with the apoptosis rather than necrosis. Thus, the findings of our study suggested that water-soluble phytochemicals from AEAAL possess potential cytotoxic and antiproliferative activities and can hold a good future prospect as a potential drug candidate against the progression of cancer. However, advanced studies are essential for the isolation and chemical characterization of the bioactive principles and analysis of detailed molecular mechanism for the pharmacological application. Keywords: Anticancer herbs, Phytochemicals, Flow cytometer, MTT, Trypan blue, Sub-G1