Unusually large ephedrine-induced blood pressure increases due to cardiac sympathetic denervation supersensitivity in a patient with Parkinson’s disease

Abstract

Abstract Background Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients often suffer from cardiac sympathetic denervation, a hallmark of which is orthostatic hypotension. Denervation supersensitivity to sympathomimetic drugs is also seen in such patients, and this phenomenon is important and can be sometimes dangerous. Case presentation A 65-year-old male underwent gastrojejunostomy. The patient had severe PD and did not exhibit metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) accumulation in his heart, which was indicative of cardiac sympathetic nerve denervation. When 8 mg of ephedrine was administered intravenously, an unexpectedly large increase in blood pressure was observed. The phenomenon recurred when 4 mg of ephedrine was administered again, and nicardipine was required to suppress the patient’s blood pressure. Conclusions Denervation supersensitivity is not as well recognized as other complications seen in PD patients, but anesthesiologists should be aware of it because sympathomimetic drugs can have excessively strong effects in patients with the condition.

Keywords

• Cardiac sympathetic denervation
• Denervation supersensitivity
• Ephedrine
• Metaiodobenzylguanidine
• Parkinson’s disease