Vocabulary and Phraseology in a Bilingual Comparative Study Dictionary

Abstract

The article summarizes the domestic experience of the comparative representation of vocabulary and phraseology in academic dictionaries, reveals the possibilities of implementing the comparative aspect in educational lexicography and phraseography. The basic principles of metalanguage bilingual interpretation of lexical and phraseological material are formulated taking into account the degree of languages cognation and the level of language training of dictionary users. The relevance of the study is due to the need to improve the system of lexicographic description of vocabulary and phraseology in a comparative aspect. The novelty of the study lies in addressing the undeveloped comparative problems of bilingual educational lexicography and identifying optimal lexicographic techniques that allow us to show the specifics of the semantic structure of the lexical correlates of two languages, the commonality and lacunarity of the grammatical categories of parts of speech, and the ethnocultural originality of phraseological images. Particular attention is paid to the parameters and methods of the lexicographic description of material related to areas of potential interlanguage interference (interlanguage paronyms and antonyms of cognate Slavic languages; Russian relative and possessive adjectives and corresponding isafet constructions in Turkic languages; discrepancies relevant to any pair of linguistic cultures in a figurative understanding of the realities of the world around us, reflected in phraseological units with a common core component). The expediency of using parallel bilingual parameterization of the mapped units is proved, which ensures the implementation of the principle of dual addressing of the dictionary.

Keywords

• русский язык
• сопоставительное языкознание
• двуязычная лексикография
• сопоставительный словарь
• толково-грамматический словарь
• фразеологический словарь
• метаязык