Nutritional Advice

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease has profound effects on the nutritional status of the patient. Multiple deficiencies of macro- and micronutrients have been described, especially in patients with Crohn’s disease. Uncontrolled studies have suggested that avoiding oral feeding - called bowel rest with total parenteral nutrition - induced remission of disease and closed fistulas. Controlled trials suggested that bowel rest did not aid the induction of remission but enteral feeding of defined formula diets did induce remission to the same degree as steroids in some but not all studies. Recently a controlled trial suggested the remission induced by a defined formula diet could be prolonged by the use of elimination diets. The use of specific nutrients capable of reducing inflammation or promoting epithelial integrity await study.