SUBTITUTIONALIZATION OF POLITICAL PROCESSES IN CONTEMPORARY RUSSIA

Abstract

Politological researches of the transformation in the past two decades significantly contributed to the understanding of causes, forms of development and results of the processes of democratization and consolidation of the democaratic political system. At the same time, researchers have not yet comprehended the characteristics of a considerable number of new democracies which found themselves in the gray zone between consolidated, liberal and constitutional democracies and public autocracy. This paper aims at examining the substitutes as an element of formation of the modern political system ofRussia. As a result this brings us to the conclusion that the emergence of illiberal democracy can partially be explained by displacement of formal institutes of the constitutional state and its replacement with informal rules and institutes.

Keywords

• substitute, power, political system of society, state, political regime, clientelism