<i>Trichoderma</i> Enzymes for Degradation of Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A
Irene Dini,
Vittoria Alborino,
Stefania Lanzuise,
Nadia Lombardi,
Roberta Marra,
Anna Balestrieri,
Alberto Ritieni,
Sheridan L. Woo,
Francesco Vinale
Affiliations
Irene Dini
Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
Vittoria Alborino
Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
Stefania Lanzuise
Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
Nadia Lombardi
Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
Roberta Marra
Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
Anna Balestrieri
Department of Animal Health, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via della Salute 2, 80055 Portici, Italy
Alberto Ritieni
Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
Sheridan L. Woo
Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
Francesco Vinale
BAT Center—Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
The contamination of agricultural products with mycotoxins causes risks to animal and human health and severe economic losses. Mycotoxicoses can be reduced by preventing fungal infection using chemical and biological approaches. The chemical strategies can release toxic molecules; therefore, strategies for biological control are being evaluated, such as using nontoxic fungi and their metabolites. This work evaluated the effect of exoenzymes produced by the beneficial fungus Trichoderma afroharzianum strain T22 in degrading Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and Ochratoxin A (OTA). The ability of Trichoderma to produce hydrolases was stimulated by using different inducing substrates. The highest AFB1 and OTA degradation activity was obtained using a medium containing lyophilized mushrooms and crude fiber. The T. afroharzianum T22’s ability to reduce mycotoxins may be attributed to peroxidase enzymes. This study showed that T.afroharzianum strain T22 or its peroxidase supplementation could represent a sustainable strategy for the degradation of AFB1 and OTA in feed and food products.
