Heliyon (Nov 2023)
Analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in edible oils using the QuEChERS/GC‐MS method: A health risk assessment study
Abstract
Population growth has made it difficult to provide safe food; because various toxic substances such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) can contaminate food products such as edible oils which have very high-rate consumption worldwide. Aims of study are to determine the concentration of PCBs in edible oil samples and to evaluate the carcinogenic risk of PCBs in them among Iranian people by Monte Calo Simulation (MCS). After finding the location of high customer hyper market in Tehran, 42 samples of 7 various types of edible oils were collected; then PCBs content of them measured using the modified QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) extraction method and GC/MS technique. According to the findings the mean level of NDL-PCB in oil samples were ranged from 1.88 to 25.62 ng/g fat. Results of uncertainty analysis showed that among children the 95th percentile of Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILCR) were 7.80E-3, 5.37E-4, 5.37E-4, 2.00E-3, 1.59E-3, 13.9E-3 and 7.04E-4 for animal oil, corn oil, frying oil, olive oil, bran oil, sesame oil and sunflower oil, respectively. Also, the 95th percentile of ILCR among adults were 4.12E-2, 3.04E-3, 3.09E-3, 1.06E-2, 8.43E-3, 7.38E-3 and 3.74E-3 for animal oil, corn oil, frying oil, olive oil, bran oil, sesame oil and sunflower oil, respectively. The risk evaluation showed that in all edible oils the 95th percentile of simulated ILCR were more than 10−5, so it can be threatening health among both aging groups, although, the producers don't deliberately subject the users' lives to such danger, but high consumption rate and accumulation of PCBs in body tissues are contribute to increasing carcinogenic risk. Also, the 95th percentile of ILCR among adults were more than children, because the edible oil ingestion rate among adults was more than children.
