International Journal of General Medicine (Jun 2021)

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and the Risk of Kidney Stones in US Adults: An Exposure-Response Analysis of NHANES 2007–2012

  • Sun S,
  • Mao W,
  • Tao S,
  • Zou X,
  • Tian S,
  • Qian S,
  • Yao C,
  • Zhang G,
  • Chen M

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 14
pp. 2665 – 2676

Abstract

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Si Sun,1,* Weipu Mao,1– 3,* Shuchun Tao,1,* Xiangyu Zou,4 Shengwei Tian,1 Siwei Qian,1 Chi Yao,1 Guangyuan Zhang,1,2 Ming Chen1– 3 1Department of Urology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People’s Republic of China; 2Surgical Research Center, Institute of Urology, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, 210009, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Urology, Nanjing Lishui District People’s Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211200, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Urology, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ming Chen; Guangyuan ZhangDepartment of Urology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao, Hunan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-139 13009977; +86-139 51658634Fax +86-139 13009977; +86-139 51658634Email [email protected]; [email protected]: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) exposure may cause various diseases. However, the association between PAHs exposure and kidney stones remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between PAHs and the risk of kidney stones in the US population.Methods: The study included a total of 30,442 individuals (≥ 20 years) from the 2007– 2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Nine urinary PAHs were included in this study. Logistic regression and dose–response curves were used to evaluate the association between PAHs and the risk of kidney stones.Results: We selected 4385 participants. The dose–response curves showed a significant positive association between total PAHs, 2-hydroxynaphthalene, 1-hydroxyphenanthrene, 2-hydroxyphenanthrene, 9-hydroxyfluorene and the risk of kidney stones after adjusting for confounding factors. Compared with the low group, an increased risk of kidney stones was observed in the high group of total PAHs [OR (95% CI), 1.32 (1.06– 1.64), P=0.013], 2-hydroxynaphthalene [OR (95% CI), 1.37 (1.10– 1.71), P=0.005], 1-hydroxyphenanthrene [OR (95% CI), 1.24 (1.00– 1.54), P=0.046] and 9-hydroxyfluorene [OR (95% CI), 1.36 (1.09– 1.70), P=0.007].Conclusion: High levels of PAHs were positively associated with the risk of kidney stones in the US population.Keywords: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, kidney stones, NHANES, cross-sectional survey

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