The Pan African Medical Journal (Feb 2021)

A case of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in an African adolescent male: case report

  • Pramodhini Moodley,
  • Jacob Merika Letlhoo Tsitsi,
  • Denasha Lavanya Reddy,
  • Mohith Debising,
  • Claudia Ickinger

DOI
https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2021.38.174.27910
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 38, no. 174

Abstract

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Since late April 2020 a syndrome now termed Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) has been seen in children and adolescents in association with COVID-19 infection. The definition of MIS-C involves fever, organ dysfunction and laboratory confirmation of inflammation in the context of laboratory or epidemiological evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a patient under 21 years of age. Notably cases are now being identified in adults termed Multisystem Inflammatory syndrome in Adults(MIS-A). Few cases have been reported in sub-Saharan Africa. We report a case of a young African male presenting with a maculopapular rash, persistent fever, elevation in inflammatory markers and a sudden, significant deterioration in cardiac function resulting in cardiogenic shock. The patient responded to intravenous steroids , intravenous immunoglobulin and background inotropic support. The recognition of this disease entity proves even more crucial now amidst the ongoing global wave of COVID-19 infection. It is paramount to identify these patients early, leading to prompt treatment avoiding further morbidity and mortality.

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