Conjunctival Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia with Spheroidal Degeneration: A Rare Case of UV-B Associated Ocular Neoplasia and Keratopathy

Abstract

Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia (OSSN) is an umbrella term that includes a broad spectrum of conjunctival and corneal malignancies, ranging from mild epithelial dysplasia to invasive squamous cell carcinoma. These are uncommon ocular surface lesions but harbour the potential to cause significant ocular morbidity and rarely mortality. Human Papilloma Viruses (HPV) and Ultraviolet-B light (UV) have been identified as important risk factors in aetiopathogenesis. The present OSSN patient is a 48- year-old male with redness, growth, and a foreign body sensation in his left eye over the past four months. Examination of the left eye revealed a growth in the nasal limbus with a feeder vessel measuring 0.9x0.3x0.1 cm in size. Diagnosis was confirmed by anterior segment Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). The patient was admitted for an excision biopsy accompanied by intraoperative Mitomycin-C. The lesion’s histopathology revealed grade 2 in situ carcinoma with spheroidal formation. This case is considered rare due to the infrequent association between Conjunctival Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) and spheroidal degeneration.

Keywords

• corneal malignancies
• epithelial dysplasia
• mitomycin-c
• optical coherence tomography