Zhongguo quanke yixue (Dec 2023)
The Experience of Inhaled COVID-19 Vaccination among First-line Medical Staff in Epidemic Prevention Aged≥18 Years in Guiyang City: a Qualitative Study
Abstract
Background Inhaled recombinant COVID-19 vaccine (type 5 adenoviral vector) (hereinafter referred to as the inhaled COVID-19 vaccine) is the first approved inhaled COVID-19 vaccine in China, with the advantages of good immunity, painlessness, and higher accessibility, which has been included in the WHO Emergency Use Listing and China's list of second-dose booster immunization vaccines. The real-world application of this vaccine deserves more attention due to the poor understanding of it by the public. Objective To understand the real experience in depth of first-line medical staff in epidemic prevention aged≥18 years in Guiyang city who received inhaled COVID-19 vaccine, so as to provide a reference for the promotion of this type of vaccine. Methods The recipients who completed the emergency vaccination with inhaled COVID-19 vaccine at a vaccination site of Guiyang city in October 2022 were selected as research subjects based on the the principle of booster immunization by using purposive sampling method. The sample size was determined by interviewing until no new case emerged which was data saturation. A total of 17 recipients were interviewed in this study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the research subjects, face-to-face interviews were conducted to understand the vaccination experience at that time firstly, and telephone interviews were conducted 5-7 days after vaccination. The Colaizzi seven-step analysis method was used for the data collection and analysis. Results A total of five themes were summarized including the convenience of vaccination, good vaccination experience, light psychological burden, low vaccine hesitancy and uncertain protective effect. The convenience of vaccination includes simple and time-saving vaccination process, fast vaccination speed, low cost, and no interruption of nucleic acid testing; the good vaccination experience includes comfortable feeling of vaccination, harmonious observation atmosphere, fewer adverse reactions, and no interference with daily life; light psychological burden includes reduction of tension and anxiety of vaccination, better mental health maintenance, non-invasive vaccination and elimination of vaccination fears; low vaccine hesitancy includes high vaccination accessibility, increase of vaccine acceptance, increase of public perception of epidemic outbreak risk; uncertain protective effect includes uncertain which vaccination method provides better protection between injection and inhalation, whether inhaled COVID-19 vaccine has a good protective effect against variant strains. Conclusion Inhaled COVID-19 vaccine is convenient to administer with fewer adverse reactions, which is highly accepted by first-line medical staff in epidemic prevention aged≥18 years in Guiyang city with good experience.
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