Sympathetic ophthalmia: Experience from a tertiary care center in Northern India

Abstract

Purpose: To describe our clinical experience with sympathetic ophthalmia (SO) at a tertiary eye care center in north India. Methods: In this retrospective case series, analysis of the clinical features and visual outcomes of patients diagnosed with SO between March 2012 and March 2016 were performed. Results: Ten male and four female patients (median age, 15.5 years) with SO following penetrating trauma (10 patients) or ocular surgery (four patients) were included. SO developed 2 weeks to 3 years after the insult. Mean presenting visual acuity of the sympathizing eyes was 1.086 (LogMAR). Anterior chamber reaction was documented in all eyes in which it could be assessed (14 sympathizing eyes; five exciting eyes). Neurosensory detachment was seen in 10 of 14 patients (71.5%). Five patients (35.7%) were managed with oral steroids alone, whereas nine (64.3%) were treated with intravenous pulse dexamethasone followed by oral steroids. Inflammation recurred in three patients during steroid tapering, necessitating restarting of steroid therapy with or without additional immunosuppressants. At the last follow-up, all 14 patients were in remission with low-dose oral steroids; seven patients were also on immunosuppressants. At the final follow-up, 12 of 14 (85.7%) sympathizing eyes achieved 20/40 or better visual acuity and three exciting eyes achieved at least 6/24 visual acuity. Conclusion: Although SO is a potentially blinding disorder, early detection and individualized treatment allow most patients achieve good final visual acuity.

Keywords

• Granulomatous Uveitis; Immunosuppressants; Neurosensory Detachment; Panuveitis; Sympathetic Ophthalmia