The study on the risk factors of restenosis after superficial femoral artery stenting

Abstract

Endovascular treatment is a universal and effective treatment for superficial femoral artery (SFA) stenosis. However, the high incidence of in-stent restenosis (ISR) after stent implantation is a major limitation for the long-term efficacy of stent therapy. In this article, we selectively queried the PubMed database for literature that reported experimental or clinical studies describing ISR of the SFA. Papers were used to determine risk factors for ISR, including demographics, vascular risk factors, vascular comorbidities, lesion-/procedure-related characteristics, and pathophysiological factors, hemodynamics, and lifestyle-related factors. We found that factors such as advanced age, male sex, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, smoking, longer lesion length, and calcium load plaque are associated with ISR. The drug-coated stent and an oversized ratio of 1.2–1.4 provide the best biomechanical properties after implantation. The data on risk factors for ISR collected in this article may be useful for further research in this field, as well as for recommendations of clinical practice.

Keywords

• restenosis
• risk factors
• stent
• superficial femoral artery