Development of Activated Carbon from Agricultural Waste: Sapota Peels

Abstract

The present study aimed to develop the activated carbon from fruit waste like sapota peel and to optimize the condition of developed activated carbon for complete removal of lead ions from the desired concentration of a lead solution. The activated carbon was prepared from sapota peel by using sulphuric acid. The physicochemical characterization of the obtained activated carbon was done for various parameters along with analysis of crystal nature (XRD) and structural morphology (SEM). The optimum conditions for adsorption were studied by altering pH (2-10), agitation speed (50-250 revolution per minute), temperature (10-60°C), adsorbent dose (0.02-0.14 g) and contact time (30-240 minutes). The optimized conditions necessary for complete removal of lead ions by the prepared adsorbent were pH - 5.5, agitation speed - 200 revolutions per minute, temperature - 60°C, time - 3 hours and adsorbent dose - 0.12 g. This study can be further helpful in designing the process of wastewater treatment for the removal of toxic metals from water particularly lead by adsorption.

Keywords

• sapota peels, activated carbon, lead removal, wastewater purification