Journal of Bone and Joint Infection (Nov 2022)

Mycetoma caused by <i>Madurella mycetomatis</i> in immunocompromised patients – a case report and systematic literature review

  • L. A. Hoogervorst,
  • L. A. Hoogervorst,
  • L. S. op de Coul,
  • A. Ray,
  • P. B. de Witte,
  • M. G. J. de Boer

DOI
https://doi.org/10.5194/jbji-7-241-2022
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 7
pp. 241 – 248

Abstract

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The aim of this study was to review the available literature concerning Madura foot (“mycetoma”) caused by Madurella mycetomatis in immunocompromised patients. With a systematic literature search, we identified only three papers, describing a total of three immunocompromised patients. Hence, the clinical presentation and prognosis of the disease in this patient population have not yet been well described. In addition, we present a case from our institution, illustrating the complexity of the treatment of this rare disease. Although very rare in non-endemic countries, we emphasize that mycetoma should be included in the differential diagnoses of (immunocompromised) patients who have been residing in a geographical area where the disease is endemic and presenting with soft tissue inflammation of one of the extremities.