PECULIARITIES OF THE FORMATION OF THE BASIC PRINCIPLES ON MEDICAL ETHICS AND DEONTOLOGY OVER THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS IN A HIGHER MEDICAL INSTITUTION

Abstract

The aim of the article is to raise the issue, the essence of which is to find educational, theoretical and methodological approaches to the formation of knowledge, practical and professional skills regarding ethical norms and principles used in communication with the patient, colleagues, medical personnel and to train a highly qualified modern specialist in the field of medicine. The article demonstrates peculiarities of medical ethics and deontology, as well as the principles that doctors should obey and follow in their professional activities in order to become highly qualified professionals. There were also considered the pedagogical approaches respecting moral culture of young doctors over the process of study in a higher medical institution. Universal human values should be the highest priority for a modern doctor, therefore, by making a decision, one must be guided by concepts of a moral and ethical nature. Medical ethics is the theoretical basis of medical deontology. Deontology is also an essential and integral component of a medical activity. Very important aspect in the practical activity of a doctor is the issue of the law and morality in respect between a doctor and a patient. The teacher should introduce to the interns not only practical skills, but also inspire them to become a comprehensively educated, harmoniously developed personality with a high level of universal values. The attention of young specialists at practical classes is given to the rules of ethics and deontology, mutual respect, the cultivation of civility and compassion for patients, the readiness to come to the rescue and provide the patient with high-standards of medical care that meets the principles of humanity and professional canon. They also are taught to bear moral responsibility for the patient, colleagues and society. Formation of psycho-emotional stability, a humane attitude towards patients, sympathy, mercy, compassion, kindness, endurance, a sense of a high level of responsibility are considered as being necessary in the educational process. The staff of a higher medical institution help in formation of the patient’s trust in future doctors by using knowledge on medical ethics and deontology regarding the relationship between a doctor and a patient. The teacher explains to the patient the need to involve interns in the treatment process in order to transfer gained experience. Pursuing the goal of improving medical skills, interns conduct discussions with experienced doctors on more complex situations, clinical debriefings, as well as participating at clinical conferences. Doctor interns learn how to use a differentiated and individual approach to each patient. Preservation of medical confidentiality remains as one of the main ethical and moral principle in medical practice. Obeying the principles of medical ethics and deontology is essential for the formation of a doctor’s personality and for development of the desire to meet the standards of a highly qualified specialist. The main moral task of the doctor is responsibility for the patients and their health.The role of medical ethics and deontology is often underestimated in the process of professional training of future doctors and does not always occupy a leading place in the curriculum. However, current requirements for the quality of medical services demand from future doctors to be competent in medical ethics and deontology, as the latter contributes to the transformation of medical students into highly qualified specialists.

Keywords

• educational process,medical ethics,deontology.