Systemic Inflammatory Markers for Predicting Overall Survival in Patients with Osteosarcoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Background. Inflammatory markers are associated with tumor genesis and progression, but their prognostic significance in osteosarcoma remains unclear. Therefore, we discussed the prognostic value of related inflammatory markers in osteosarcoma through a meta-analysis and systematic review. These inflammatory markers include C-reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and Glasgow prognostic score (GPS). Methods. The Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, Chinese Scientific Journals (VIP), PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane libraries were searched. The design of meta-analysis was made based on the PICOS (population, intervention/exposure, control, outcomes, and study design) principles, and STATA 15.1 was used to analyze the data. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of included studies. Hazard ratios (HRs) for overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DPS) were extracted for the investigation of the prognostic value of inflammatory markers. Results. Twelve researches with 2162 osteosarcoma patients were included in total. The pooled results showed that elevated NLR, CRP, and GPS are all greatly related to shortening of OS among patients with osteosarcoma (HR=1.68, P=0.007, 95% CI: 1.15-2.45; HR=1.96, P=0.002, 95% CI: 1.28-3.00; HR=2.54, P<0.0001, 95% CI: 1.95-3.31, respectively), and CRP level is significantly associated with shortening of DPS among patients with osteosarcoma (HR=2.76, 95% CI:2.01-3.80, P<0.0001), additionally. However, the correlation between LMR or PLR and the prognosis of osteosarcoma is not statistically significant (HR=0.60, 95% CI: 0.30-1.18, P=0.138; HR=1.13, 95% CI: 0.85-1.49, P=0.405, respectively). The outcomes of subgroup analysis to NLR and CRP suggested that histology, ethnicity, metastasis, and sample size all have an impact on its prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma. Conclusion. Worsened prognosis may be related to high levels of NLR, CRP, and GPS before treatment rather than LMR or PLR, which can provide the basis for clinicians to judge the outcomes of prognosis. Trial Registration. PROSPERO (CRD42021249954), https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=249954.