Prothrombin Time role in Head Injury & Intracranial Hematomas, A prospective Study of 325 cases

Abstract

Objective: Aimed to asses the role of PT estimation in early diagnosis and predicting the extent and the outcome of head injury with ICerH and/ or Contusion Method :PT was measured by Digiclot 818 Group –1: One hundred consecutive head injured patients admitted at Neurosurgical and Al Ramadi teaching hospitals were initially estimated for prothrombin time and subsequently scanned Group-2 : Two hundred twenty five consecutive non scanned head injured patients admitted to Neurosurgical and Al Ramadi teaching hospitals were estimated with prothrombin time at the time of insult and subsequently for the next two weeks Al – Kindy Col Med J 2012; Vol. 8 No. 1 P: 54 Clinical and neurological evaluation (GCS) score in addition to computerized tomography scan was done for both groups Result :Group -1: Twenty eight (28%) of the initially estimated head injured patients had prolonged prothrombin time in which their subsequent CT scan revealed an ICer H and/or contusion Seventy six (76%) percent of those with severely head injured patients (GCS≤8) were having an initial prothrombin time prolongation..While those with mild head injury (GCS≥12) only thirty (30%) of them were having the initial prothrombin time prolongation Group-2 Those patients who survived the initial insult and subsequently thereafter (surgically or conservatively treated) even with a deficit.. Daily estimation of prothrombin time showed a decline within the 7-14 days Those patients who finally died (surgically or conservatively treated) daily estimation of prothrombin time showed a persistent elevation or a fluctuation within the next 7-14 day Conclusion Prothrmbin time is an important parameter in : 1-Reflecting the severity of head injury (GCS) 3-Early detection of ICerH and /or contusion 2-Prognostic value in cases of of ICerH and /or contusion Abb : ICerH = Intracerebral hematomas,SDH=subdural hematomas,EDH=epidural hematomas,SAH=subarachnoid hemorrhages,PT=Prothrombin time,Pts=Patients,CT scan=computarized tomography.