The relevance of chest X-ray radiologic severity index and CURB-65 score with the death event in hospitalized patient with COVID-19 pneumonia

Abstract

Abstract Background The global pandemic respiratory infection COVID-19 has had a high mortality rate since early 2020 with a broad spectrum of symptoms and giving a high burden. This study used the chest X-ray radiologic severity index method to radiologically assess the degree of lung lesions and the CURB-65 score to clinically assess COVID-19 pneumonia patients associated with the incidence of death in hospitalized patients. Results The research data were carried out from March 2020 to April 2021 based on patient medical records and chest X-rays at Doctor Kariadi General Hospital Semarang Indonesia. One hundred and five subjects were collected that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The CURB-65 score ≥ 2 had a significant relationship to the death event with a prevalence interval of 2.98 (95% CI, p = 0.000). The radiologic severity index ≥ 22.5 in initial chest X-ray signified a prevalence ratio of 2.24 (CI 95%, p = 0.004) and the radiologic severity index ≥ 29.5 in the second chest X-ray signified a prevalence ratio of 4.53 for the incidence of death (95% CI, p = 0.000). The combination of CURB-65 and the first chest X-ray radiologic severity index resulted in a prevalence ratio of 27.44, and the combination of CURB-65 and the second chest X-ray radiologic severity index resulted in a prevalence ratio of 60.2 which were significant for the mortality of hospitalized COVID-19 pneumonia patients. Conclusions Chest X-ray radiologic severity index and CURB-65 score have a significant relevance with the death event in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and can thus be used as a predictor of mortality.

Keywords

• COVID-19 pneumonia
• CURB-65
• Chest X-ray
• Radiologic severity index
• Mortality