The Future of Epigenetics: Development of Technologies and Creation of Clinical Markers Predictive of Maternal Perinatal Risk

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: Epigenetics is the study of the interaction between genotype and phenotype, first described by Waddingtonen in 1939. Objective: To identify new technologies that predict clinical markers of perinatal maternal risk with the help of epigenetics. Method: We searched all the databases that have had an impact worldwide, including Elsevier, WoS, Pubmed, Scielo, Redalyc, among others, generating a search with the terms epigenetic, clinical markers. Results: Of a total of 37 preselected articles, three were discarded, selecting 34 articles that met the inclusion/exclusion criteria in all that covers the topic and objective of this research work. Discussion: There are new lines of research that allow to know the epigenome of each individual and how the environment interact on it. Epigenetic biomarkers that exceed the usual diagnostic techniques on different pathologies are being developed. It is very important to continue in the search for information, for this reason several countries that have the appropriate technology are conducting epigenetic studies for later use in medicine. Conclusion: The woman during pregnancy experiences a series of changes that predispose her to the development of some pathology and the research in them is limited by her condition, but the diseases that stand out are diabetes, obesity and preeclampsia where epigenetics has shown that changes in specific genes occur.

Keywords

• epigenetic, human genome, biomarkers.